摘要
有限时间热力学是经典热力学的延伸和推广 ,是现代热力学理论的一个新分支 .主要研究非平衡系统在有限时间中能流和熵流的规律 .它既不同于 2 0世纪 30年代建立起来的不可逆热力学 ,又不同于工程热力学 ,有它自己鲜明的理论特征 .现已广泛地应用于物理、化学和工程热物理等许多学科领域 ,建立了一系列相应的新理论 .在有限时间热力学的发展过程中 ,内可逆卡诺循环模型、最大功率输出时的效率、基本优化关系、内可逆循环统一理论、不可逆循环理论等方面的研究起到了极其重要的作用 .文中还结合相关的问题简述我们组在有限时间热力学研究中所做的部分工作和特色 .
Finite time thermodynamics is the extension of classical thermodynamics and a new branch of the modern thermodynamics. It is mainly used to investigate the regular of energy and entropy flows of non equilibrium systems in finite time. It is different from not only irreversible thermodynamics established in the 1930’s but also engineering thermodynamics, and has in itself some distinct theoretical characteristics. Now, it has extensively been applied to many new objectives in physics, chemistry, and engineering thermal physics and a series of new relevant theories have been obtained. Moreover, it is pointed out that the endoreversible Carnot cycle models, CA efficiency at maximum power output, fundamental optimum relations, unified theory of endoreversible cycles, and theory of irreversible cycles are some important problems of finite time thermodynamics and play a great role during the development of finite time thermodynamics. In this paper one part of our research work related to the important problems mentioned above is introduced simply.
出处
《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第2期232-241,共10页
Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金!(59976 0 33
192 750 34
191750 34
189750 30 )
国家教委跨世纪优秀人才培养计划 (无编号 )资助项目
关键词
有限时间热力学
理论特征
内可逆循环
CA效率
非平衡系统
能流
熵流
finite time thermodynamics
theoretical characteristic
endoreversible cycle
CA efficiency
fundamental optimum relation
unified theory
irreversible cycle
