摘要
在被害人承诺中,法益处分权存在司法界限和立法界限。在司法界限中,刑法保护个人法益的目的是为了保护国民自己决定的自由不受侵犯,因而社会伦理规范和法益的重要性都不得作为限制自己决定权的理由。在法无明文规定的场合,被害人对法益的处分自由不受限制。但生命是一切自由的基础,无论有无承诺,侵害生命的行为都同时彻底摧毁被害人的自由,因此承诺杀人符合故意杀人罪的构成要件。在立法界限中,刑法可以基于重大法益面临的普遍危险性、个人法益和超个人法益的关联性以及自律判断的不充分等方面的实质理由对法益处分权进行特别限制。这些立法限制只能在刑法明文规定的范围内适用,而不得类推适用于其他法益处分情形。
It is different between judicial criterion and legislative criterion on deciding the limits of autonomy. In judicial criterion, criminal law protects legal interests for protecting the freedom of self - determination against unlawful in fringement, therefore autonomy is not limited if there is no express provision. However, life is the basis of all freedom, thus killing makes infringement of freedom and meets the constitutive requirement of homicide whether there is consent or not. In the legislative level, criminal law may make an exception rule for denying autonomy through paternalism if it is reasonable. It is wrong to limit autonomy in the excuse of protecting moral norm and important interests outside express provision.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第4期173-181,共9页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金课题青年项目(11CFX059)
关键词
自己决定权
规范限制论
法益限制论
自由中心论
autonomy
ethics - limitation theory
legal interests - limitation theory
liberty - oriented theory
