摘要
随着国际国内经济环境的深刻变化,近两年来我国外贸增速明显下降,外贸发展亟需转型,已经成为共识。但在向什么方向转型、如何转型问题上,无论是理论界还是实际部门,认识上并不一致。一些颇具代表性的观点认为,中国外贸转型发展,就是要逐步降低加工贸易比重,提高一般贸易比重;要沿着"微笑曲线"从低端向产业链高端全面升级;要从依托劳动密集型产业参与国际分工和贸易,向依托包括战略性新兴产业在内的高科技产业参与国际分工和贸易转变。从长远发展思路来看,这些看法无疑是有道理的,但中国外贸转型发展不能"急于求成",需注意以下几点:一是从贸易方式来看,绝不是"薄"加工贸易而"厚"一般贸易;二是从价值链升级角度来看,也不是简单放弃"低端"而向所谓"微笑曲线"两侧高端全面升级;三是从产业角度来看,更不是放弃低端产业转向高端产业的"转产"。中国外贸转型发展,需要耐心和毅力,必须从实际出发,一步一个脚印地扎实推进。
With the profound change of the international and domestic environment for economy,the recent two years witness the obvious decline of the growth speed of China's foreign trade.It is a consensus for the foreign trade to make transition,but neither the theory circles nor practical departments has a common understanding of transition direction and transition ways.According to some representative opinions,China's transition of foreign trade needs to progressively reduce the proportion of processing and increase the proportion of general trade;to comprehensively upgrade from the bottom of the industrial chain to the top along the smile curve;to participate in international labor division and trade by relying on hi-tech industries including strategic emerging industries rather than labor-extensive industries.In the long run,these opinions are undoubtedly reasonable,but for China haste will make waste in the transition of foreign trade.Attention should be paid to the following points:first,in terms of trade pattern,it is absolutely not making light of processing trade and only valuing general trade;second,in terms of value chain upgrade,it is not simply giving up 'the bottom' and upgrading comprehensively to the two top sides of the smile curve;in terms of industry,it's absolutely not giving up low-end industries and 'transferring' to the high-end ones.Perseverance and patience are needed for China's transition of foreign trade.We must proceed from reality and make solid progress step by step.
出处
《当代经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第7期14-18,2+97,共5页
Contemporary Economic Research
基金
江苏省应用研究重大课题
江苏省社会科学基金项目(14WTA006)
