摘要
目的:探讨我院儿科呼吸道疾病住院病人病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法:回顾性分析了2008年4月至2013年4月入住我院的320例下呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料,取患儿痰液标本,并将致病菌分离、培养,共计培养菌株数400株,使用全自动细菌分析仪对致病菌进行鉴定及对耐药性进行分析。结果:(1)致病菌分布情况:本组感染患儿中,共分离出革兰氏阴性菌(G-菌)278株,构成比为69.50%,主要为铜绿假单菌、大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌;革兰氏阳性菌(G+菌)85株,构成比为21.25%,主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及草绿色链球菌;真菌37株,构成比为9.25%,主要为白假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌及高丽假丝酵母菌;(2)药敏结果:G-菌对头孢类抗菌素及氨苄西林均具有较低的药敏性,G+菌对头孢类与青霉素具有较低的药敏性;(3)真菌对氟康唑、酮康唑、克霉唑及制霉菌素等均具有高敏感性。结论:小儿呼吸道感染问题非常普遍,应注意加强病原菌分布及耐药性监测,并做好各种致病菌的药敏试验,从而为临床合理用药提供一定的依据。
Objective：To investigate the hospital inpatient pediatric respiratory pathogen distribution and drug resistance. Methods：320 cases of children patients with lower respiratory tract infection to stay in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed from April 2008 to April 2013. And the sputum samples were taken, then they were isolated and cultured to a total number of 400 cultured isolates. Pathogenic bacteria were identified and analyzed for drug resistance were analyzed by automatic analyzer.Results：（1） The distribution of pathogens：The group of infected children, 278 were isolated from Gram-negative bacteria （G-bacteria）, accounting for 69.50%, which constituted for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacteria, Escherichia bacteria and Klebsiella pneumoniae mainly. 85 Gram-positive bacteria （G＋bacteria）, accounting for 21.25%, which constituted for coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus viridans mainly. 37 fungi, accounting for 9.25%, which constituted for Candida albicans, C. glabrata and Candida Korea mainly. （2） Susceptibility results：G-bacteria to antibiotics and cephalosporins have a lower susceptibility to ampicillin resistance, G＋bacteria to cephalosporins and penicillins have low susceptibility. （3） Fungi to fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole and nystatin etc with high sensitivity. Conclusion：The problems are very common respiratory infections in children, should pay attention to strengthening pathogen distribution and drug resistance, and do all kinds of pathogens susceptibility testing, so as to provide a clinical basis for rational drug use.
出处
《中国医药导刊》
2014年第5期750-752,共3页
Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide
