摘要
随着矫治与改善理论的无效性被普遍地接受,刑罚再次陷入了正当化的危机之中。一种能够使刑罚走出正当化危机的理论,必须根据自身的理论属性,一方面通过经验有效性与(或)规范妥当性的检验,另一方面对刑罚的内容与形态、刑罚所涉的主体以及刑罚的存在范围作全面的合理阐释。传统的特殊预防理论、威慑的一般预防理论、报应理论以及综合理论都无法达到前述标准。积极的一般预防理论以"民众对规范有效性的认同"缓和了刑罚经验有效性的逼问,以宏观上回应民众期待与微观上的"合比例原则"兼顾了民众与罪犯的利益,并能对经验研究的结论持开放的态度。结合部分经验性结论和相关原则,这种理论能解除刑罚的正当化危机。
Criminal penalty slipped again into justifying crisis since the ineffectiveness of the theory of healing and bettering became widely accepted. For a theory which promises to come through the crisis are the following requirements critical： Firstly, it should prove its effectiveness and （or） appropriateness according to its theoretical nature. Secondly, it should legitimize the content, form and the scope of the criminal punishment before all the persons concerned all-around. Neither of the traditional theories, such as theory of special or negative general prevention, retributive theory or comprehensive theory, can fully meet these requirements. The theory of positive general prevention makes the urgent requesting for proof of empirical effectiveness not so necessary with the key word ＂the acknowledgement of the populace to social norm＂. It responds to the expectation of the public on macro scale and takes the interests of the criminal into account meanwhile with the appliance of the principle of proportionality at the micro level. It keeps open to the proved results from the empirical sciences. Here presented theory can take criminal penalty out of crisis with the help of some empirical results and principles.
出处
《法学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第4期154-163,共10页
Law Review
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上项目"‘法官释法’的困境分析"(项目编号:2012M521447)暨"我国现代化进程中的刑事法治问题研究团队"和武汉大学"70后"学术团队的阶段性成果之一
关键词
刑罚的正当化
经验有效性
规范妥当性
周全性
积极的一般预防
Justification of Criminal Punishment
Empirical Effectiveness
Normative Propriety
Completeness
Positive General Prevention
