摘要
目的:探讨晚期早产儿围生期高危因素及并发症的发生情况,为降低晚期早产儿率及防治并发症提供依据。方法:分析该院出生的408例胎龄满34周而不足37周的晚期早产儿围生期母亲高危因素及各种并发症的发病情况,并与随机抽取的同期该院出生的胎龄满37周而不足42周的足月新生儿408例进行比较。结果:晚期早产儿剖宫产率高,出生体重低,新生儿窒息率高;多胎、体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)及母亲合并妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)、胎膜早破是导致晚期早产的高危因素;晚期早产儿中出现并发症的发病率为73.52%,并发症发病率顺位前5位为病理性黄疸(55.88%)、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)(20.59%)、新生儿肺炎(9.31%)、新生儿低血糖症及新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)(5.88%)。并且病理性黄疸、NRDS、新生儿肺炎、NEC发病率高于足月新生儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并且晚期早产儿组住院时间长,死亡率较足月儿组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:避免孕母妊娠期合并症可降低晚期早产儿出生率,晚期早产儿易合并多种围生期并发症,应引起临床重视,及时处理,以降低死亡率,提高其生存质量。
Objective： To explore the high risk factors of late premature infants during perinatal period and the incidence rates of complications, provide a basis for reducing the incidence rate of late premature infants and preventing and treating complications. Methods： The high risk factors of 408 late premature infants （34 -37 gestational weeks, excluding 37 gestational week） during perinatal period and the incidence rates of complications who were born in the hospital were analyzed, then the results were compared with those of 408 full - term ne- onates （37 -42 gestational weeks, excluding 42 gestational week） who were born in the hospital and randomly selected during the same peri- od. Results： The rate of cesarean section in late premature infants was high, the birth weight was low, and the incidence rate of neonatal as- phyxia was high; the high risk factors of late premature infants included multiple pregnancy, IVF - ET, gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （HDCP） and premature rupture of membrane （PROM） ; the incidence rate of com- plications was 73.52% ; the top five incidence rates of complications were pathologic jaundice （55. 880/0 ） , neonatal respiratory distress syn- drome （ NRDS ） （ 20. 59% ）, neonatal pneumonia （ 9. 31% ）, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis （ NEC ） （5. 880/0 ） . The incidence rates of pathological jaundice, NRDS, neonatal pneumonia and NEC in late premature infants were statistically significantly higher than those in full - term neonates （ P 〈 O. 05 ） . The duration time of hospitalization in late premature infants was longer than that in full - term neonates, the mortality rate of late premature infants was higher than that of full - term neonates, there were statisti- cally significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion ： Avoiding maternal complications during pregnancy can reduce the birth rate of late premature infants, many complications occur easily in late premature infants during perinatal period, more attention should be paid to this phenomenon and treatment should be carried out timely to reduce the mortality rate and improve the quality of life of late premature infants.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第13期2033-2036,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
