摘要
我国企业在进行温室气体(GHG)核查时,由于有关部门发布的外购热力排放因子数据不全,个别地区发布的以热量为基准的排放因子数据缺乏通用性,使得核算因外购热力导致的间接排放遇到困难,核算结果差异较大。国际默认的API核算方法认为热力全部来源于天然气锅炉的燃烧,而我国绝大部分的热力来自于燃煤锅炉,这种假设与我国实际情况不符,不能体现我国热力生产的实际水平。因此,需要找到统一规范的外购热力温室气体排放核算方法,帮助企业准确获得自身因外购热力导致的温室气体排放量。根据《中国能源统计年鉴》提供的国内各省、市、自治区在能源平衡表中的热力生产总量、消耗的燃料类型以及燃料消耗总量,计算出各地区外购热力温室气体排放因子。受燃料结构与区域发展不平衡的影响,我国不同地区的外购热力排放因子数据差别较大。通过与国际默认的排放因子计算结果进行比较,我国采用国际默认的排放因子核算的温室气体排放量明显偏低。为了更加真实地体现国内外购热力产生的温室气体排放,建议按照不同区域选取本研究中的相关数据进行核算。
When auditing greenhouse gas emissions, domestic enterprises usually find it difficult to calculate indirect GHG emissions resulting from purchase of heat due to incomplete data on heat purchase emission factor released by relevant departments and the lack of universal heat-based emission factor data released by some regions.There are therefore usually discrepancies between the audit results and the actual figures.The in- ternationally recognized API calculation method assumes that all the heat comes from combustion in gas-fired boilers.However,most heat used in China comes from coal-fired boilers,meaning that the assumptions of the API method do not accord with China＇s specifics and do not reflect the actual level of heat production in China.For this reason,China needs to find a standardized method for calculaitng GHG emissions for heat pur- chase to help enterprises understand their GHG emissions resulting from heat purchase.The data on total heat production ,types of fuels consumed, and total fuel consumption of all provinces ,municipalities ,and autonomous regions in the China Energy Review can be used to calculate the heat purchase GHG emission factors for all regions.Due to different fuel mixes and economic development levels of different regions,the heat purchase GHG emisison factors vary dramatically from region to region.By comparing with the calculation results based on the internatonally recognized emission factor,we find that the GHG emissions calcualted using the interna- tionally recognized emission factor are considerably lower than the actual levels.In order to better reflect the level of GHG emissoins resulting from heat purchase in China,this article suggests different regions use dif- ferent data presented by this study to calculate their GHG emissions.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2014年第3期96-100,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
温室气体
间接排放
外购热力
排放因子
燃料结构
天然气
燃煤
greenhouse gas
indirect emission
heat purchase
emission factor
fuel mix
natural gas
coal com-bustion
