摘要
熔炼/吹炼法生产铜时,铜精矿中的微量有害元素砷和锑会发生蒸发副反应.众所周知,当这些杂质元素以可观数量存在于铜精矿中时,环境被砷和锑污染的危险性显著增加,使最终的铜质量恶化.本文讨论了一项在500～1 100℃温度范围内从Cu3AsS4中挥发As和从Sb2S3中挥发Sb的研究结果.采用Cu3AsS4,纯Sb2S3及预制的Cu3AsS4-Sb2S3混合矿样,在N2和空气可控气氛下进行研究.结果表明在氧化气氛下,Cu3AsS4中的As完全挥发,留下铜复合物CuO渣,辉锑矿部分以SbO2形式蒸发,蒸发程度主要依赖于温度.在800 ℃和1 000℃时,辉锑矿的挥发程度分别达到45％和75％.混合硫砷铜矿一辉锑矿样品氧化一挥发时,在硫砷铜矿存在下,锑的挥发加强,加强的程度同样依赖于温度.在1 000℃,约99％的Sb2S3在5 min内迅速挥发.
In the production of copper by smelting/converting technolog）, arsenic and antimony are detrimental minor elements in the concentrates that undergo vaporization side reactions. It is well known, that when these impurities are present in appreciable amounts in the concentrates, the risk of ambient contamination with arsenic and antimony increases dramatically and the quality of the final copper deteriorates. In the present work, the results of an investigation on the volatilization of arsenic from enargite （ Cu3msS4 ） and antimony from stibnite （ Sb2S3 ） at the temperature range of 500 to 1 100 ℃ is discussed. The study was conducted in controlled atmospheres of nitrogen and air using pure minerals samples of enargite, pure Sb2S3 and prepared enargite - Sb2S3 mixed samples. The re- sults indicated that in oxidizing atmosphere enargite undergoes complete volatilization of arsenic leaving a residue of CuO as the final copper compound. Stibnite vaporizes partially with the formation of cervantite （SbO2） and the extent of volatilization is greatly dependant on the temperature. At temperature of 800 and 1 000 ℃ , the vaporization of stibnite reached about 45 and 75 percent, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of oxidation - volatilization of the mixed enargite stibnite samples, the volatilization of antimony was enhanced by the presence of enargite. The degree of enhancement depended also on the temperature. At 1 000 ℃ , about 99 percent of Sb2S3 was volatilized very rapidly in less than 5 min.
出处
《中国有色冶金》
CAS
2014年第2期1-4,共4页
China Nonferrous Metallurgy
关键词
火法冶金
氧化反应
挥发
砷
锑
hydrometallurgy
oxidation reaction
volatilization
arsenic
antimony
