摘要
目的 分析北京市3家餐馆供应菜品的钠含量及就餐者人均点餐钠含量情况.方法 选取北京市某商业区内经营温州菜、鲁菜和云南菜的3家中餐馆,收集餐馆供应全部菜品的主、配料重量,计算每道菜品所含钠量值.收集3家餐馆一段时期内的顾客点餐流水单,计算人均点餐钠含量及超标情况.结果 3家餐馆供应的不同类型菜品中,热菜（1 728.6 mg;P25,P75：1 198.7,2 482.8）和汤羹类（2 101.5 mg;P25,P75：1 467.8,2 291.2）菜品的钠含量最高,其次为凉菜（790.7 mg;P25,P75：128.1,1 472.9）和主食（802.9 mg;P25,P75：115.1,1 563.2）,饮品（17.0 mg;P25,P75：2.0,19.5）钠含量最低（P＜0.05）.在菜类菜品中,荤菜类（1 796.3 mg;P25,P75：1 303.9,2 670.3）的钠含量高于素菜类（1 105.5 mg;P25,P75：423.6,1 628.6）（P＜0.001）.在3家餐馆就餐的人员每桌次人均点餐钠含量为午餐2 325.6mg（P25,P75：1 700.7,3213.8）和晚餐2 542.5 mg（P25,P75：1 857.5,3 498.1）.参照午餐960mg和晚餐720mg的推荐钠摄入量标准,97.5％桌次的人均点餐钠含量超过推荐的钠摄入量标准,76.5％的桌次达到推荐标准的2倍以上.结论 调查的3家餐馆供应各类菜品中以汤羹类和热菜的钠含量较高,就餐人员点餐的钠含量显著高于《中国居民膳食指南》推荐的摄入标准.
Objective To survey the mean sodium content of menu offering and customers＇ orderings on sodium when eating out.Methods All weights of ingredients of menu offerings at three Chinese restaurants with Wenzhou,Shandong,and Yunnan cuisines,in Beijing,were collected and their sodium values were estimated based on data from the Chinese Food Composition.All records from customers＇ orders were collected in a certain period of time from year 2011 to 2013.The mean sodium content of ordering per person and the proportion of all orders exceeding the recommended daily sodium limit that applicable to most native Chinese,were estimated.Results Of all the menu offerings,hot dishes （1 728.6 mg; P25,P75：1 198.7,2 482.8） and soup dishes （2 101.5 mg;P25,P75：1 467.8,2 291.2） had the highest sodium contents,followed by cold dressed dishes （790.7 mg; P25,P75：128.1,1 472.9） staple foods （802.9 mg; P25,P75：115.1,1 563.2） while the beverages having the lowest sodium contents （17.0 mg;P25,P75：2.0,19.5） （P〈0.05）.Meat dishes （1 796.3 mg;P25,P75：1 303.9,2 670.3） contained more sodium than vegetable dishes （1 105.5 mg; P25,P75：423.6,1 628.6）（P〈0.001）.The median sodium contents in per person orderings were 2 325.6 mg （P25,P75：1 700.7,3 213.8） for lunch and 2 542.5 mg （P25,P75：1 857.5,3 498.1） for dinner.Current dietary guideline recommended for Chinese adults was：in general,the amount of consumption should not exceed 2 400 mg of sodium per day.Based on the recornmended optimal daily calories intake ratio as 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 3for breakfast,lunch,and dinner,we would suggest that the sodium intake should follow the amount as 960 mg for lunch and 720 mg for dinner.Our data indicated that 97.5% of the ordered meals appeared that they were over the recommended sodium limit and 76,5% of the tables showed two times more than the limit of recommendation.Conclusion Soup and hot dishes provided at these three restaurants contained more sodium contents.People ordered dishes at restaurants would contain more sodium than the recommended Chinese daily sodium intake.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期393-396,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
膳食钠
在外就餐
点餐行为
Dietary sodium
Eating-away-from-home
Restaurant ordering behavior
