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后路椎间盘镜单纯减压治疗腰椎管狭窄症的CT影像学评估与临床疗效观察 被引量:20

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摘要 目的:评价后路椎间盘镜单纯减压治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效,并探讨CT在疗效评估中的应用价值.方法:回顾性分析103例采用后路椎间盘镜下单纯减压治疗的腰椎椎管狭窄症患者的病例资料,男54例,女49例.年龄53~ 78岁,中位数69岁.术前腰背痛者101例,下肢痛者102例,下肢肌力减退、小腿痛觉减退麻木者47例.所有患者术前均拍摄腰椎正侧位、过伸过屈位X线片,并行腰椎CT和MRI检查,确定病变节段椎管狭窄合并椎间盘膨出或突出,未合并腰椎不稳.单节段病变57例,双节段病变46例,其中L3~4狭窄41例,L4~5狭窄59例,L5S1狭窄49例.中央型狭窄43例,侧隐窝型狭窄49例,混合型狭窄57例.病程6个月至10年.由3位影像科医生在影像工作站上调取患者术前1d、术后3个月、6个月和12个月的CT图像,测量病变节段椎管面积和侧隐窝外口矢状径;同时比较患者术前1d、术后3个月、6个月和12个月采用腰背痛JOA评分法评定的JOA评分.结果:①椎管面积.手术前后不同时点L3~4椎管面积比较,差异有统计学意义[(163.26±10.05) mm2,(407.56±16.98)mm2,(407.57 ± 15.42) mm2,(407.62±16.23)mm2,F=336.094,P=0.000];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L3~4椎管面积均大于术前1d的L3~4椎管面积(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).手术前后不同时点L4~5椎管面积比较,差异有统计学意义[(187.69±12.09) mm2,(426.37±15.62) mm2,(428.37±15.33)mm2,(428.24±16.11)mm2,F=623.528,P=0.000];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L4~5椎管面积均大于术前1d的L4~5椎管面积(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).手术前后不同时点L5S1椎管面积比较,差异有统计学意义[(193.18±16.45)mm2,(447.25±16.86)mm2,(447.25±16.69) mm2,(451.21±15.32) mm2,F=634.391,P=0.000];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L5S1椎管面积均大于术前1d的L5S1椎管面积(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).②侧隐窝外口矢状径.手术前后不同时点L3~4侧隐窝外口矢状径比较,差异有统计学意义[(2.65±0.51)mm,(6.46±1.35)mm,(6.46±1.33)mm,(6.46±1.45) mm,F=106.042,P=0.001];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L3~4侧隐窝外口矢状径均大于术前1d的L3~4侧隐窝外口矢状径(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).手术前后不同时点L4~5侧隐窝外口矢状径比较,差异有统计学意义[(2.14±0.49)mm,(6.87±1.29)mm,(6.87 ±1.13)mm,(6.87 ± 1.45)mm,F=114.826,P=0.000];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L4~5侧隐窝外口矢状径均大于术前1d的L4~5侧隐窝外口矢状径(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).手术前后不同时点L5S1侧隐窝外口矢状径比较,差异有统计学意义[(2.89±0.37) mm,(5.74 ± 1.02) mm,(5.75±1.33) mm,(5.77 ±1.58) mm,F=122.337,P=0.000];术后3个月、6个月、12个月L5S1侧隐窝外口矢状径均大于术前1d的L5S1椎侧隐窝外口矢状径(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).③JOA评分.本组患者手术前后不同时点JOA评分比较,差异有统计学意义[(8.87±3.04)分,(23.64±2.13)分,(23.89±2.45)分,(24.22±2.38)分,F=156.428,P=0.001].术后3个月、6个月、12个月JOA评分均大于术前1d的JOA评分(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).结论:后路椎间盘镜单纯减压可有效解除腰椎管狭窄症患者病变部位对脊髓、神经根的压迫,改善腰椎功能.CT测量椎管面积及侧隐窝外口矢状径能够很好地反映后路椎间盘镜手术的减压效果.
出处 《中医正骨》 2014年第3期36-39,共4页 The Journal of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology
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同被引文献113

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