摘要
长输油气管线的修建对于沿线地区的资源及其环境具有一定的破坏作用。本文应用环境经济学的方法如市场价值法、恢复和防护费用法等方法 ,评价修建油气管道对环境资源影响的经济损害程度。以陕 -甘天然气输气管道为例 ,从农作物产量损失、林地和草地资源的损害、水土流失损失以及沙漠化对土地资源的损害 4个方面评估了修建该管道对资源的经济损害。结果表明 ,管道施工对林业资源和土地资源的危害程度最大 ,影响力也比较长久。同时也表明传统的环境影响评价方法容易忽视管道工程对资源环境影响的潜在因素 ,往往低估了对资源环境的经济损害程度 ,这对于环境资源的保护与恢复是极为不利的。
Pipeline engineering of natural gas and oil can influence natural resources and environment such as biological and land resources, atmospheric environment, hydrological and geological environment. Based on the case of Shan Gan (Shaanxi Gansu) Gas Pipeline, this paper discusses the adverse effect of pipeline engineering on the Loess Plateau and estimated economic loss by valuation methods such as market approach and rehabilitation approach. Four aspects are analysed which include the loss of crop yield, the damage of woodland and grassland, soil erosion and desertification. The results showed that construction of pipelines has more seriously destroyed land and forest resources. These activities have not only caused decrease in crop yield, carrying capacity of grassland and growth of trees but also loss of land fertility, damage of surface stable structure, the higher risk of geological disasters and other hazards. So the economic loss assessment should take external cost into account. But the conventional approaches of environmental effect assessment readily neglected these potential factors and their persistent effects and underestimated the economic loss. Thus, two main problems were caused: 1) the estimate of resources and environmental loss was incorrect and 2) the economic responsibility was unclear. It was disadvantage for conservation and rehabilitation of eco environment.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第6期67-70,共4页
Resources Science
