摘要
为了研究洞庭湖区双季稻田不同有机、无机肥配施对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响,设置不施肥处理(WF)、不施氮处理(WN)、纯化肥处理(CF)、猪粪代替20%化肥氮肥处理(ZF)、猪粪堆肥代替20%化肥氮肥处理(DF)、沼渣沼液代替20%化肥氮肥处理(ZYF),在湖南洞庭湖区进行大田试验。结果表明:①有机、无机肥配施较单施化肥可有效提高水稻的株高、有效穗数,结实率和千粒质量,从而提高水稻的子粒产量;②4个施氮处理(CF、ZF、DF、ZYF)与不施氮处理(WN)和不施肥处理(WF)的全年双季稻产量差异极显著,4个施氮处理之间的差异无统计学意义,处理CF、ZF、DF、ZYF比处理WN分别增产53.03%、48.35%、55.65%、48.49%,其中,处理DF的产量和增产率最高,年产量达14 039.80 kg/hm2,处理CF的次之,达13 803.43 kg/hm2;③年平均氮肥利用率以处理DF的最高,达20.23 g/kg,较处理CF、ZF、ZYF分别提高了11.46%、12.64%和14.04%。有机、无机肥配施能有效提高双季稻的产量和氮肥利用率,其中以处理DF的效果较好。
In order to study the effects of different combination of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer on yield and N use efficiency of double-rice in Dongting Lake area, different treatments of field experiments were conducted, they were no fertilizer treatment （WF）, no nitrogen treatment （WN）, the chemical treatment （CF）, 20% nitrogen fertilizer replaced by pig manure treatment （ZF）, 20% nitrogen fertilizer replaced by pig compost treatment （DF）, 20% nitrogen fertilizer replaced by biogas residue and slurry treatment （ZYF）. The results showed that： ①Compared with chemical fertilizers, combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could effectively improve rice height, panicle number, seed setting rate, and grain weight; ②Compared with that of WN and WF, the four nitrogen treatments （CF, ZF, DF and ZYF） had significant differences in annual yields, but there was no obvious difference among the four nitrogen treatmentsCompared with treatment WN, the yields of treatments CF, ZF, DF and ZYF increased by 53.03%, 48.35%, 55.65% and 48.49%, respectively, among them, rice yield of treatment DF was the highest, reached up to14 039.80 kg/hm2, followed by treatment CF, reached to 13 803.43 kg/hm2; ③ The annual average nitrogen use efficiency in treatment DF was 20.23 g/kg, which was the highest, which was 11.46%, 12.64% and 14.04% higher than those in treatments CF, ZF and ZYF respectively. Compared with chemical fertilizers, combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could effectively improve the yield and N use efficiency of double-rice, and treatment DF was the best one.
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期72-77,共6页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD15B04)
湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室开放基金项目(10K034)
农业行业科技计划项目(201103003)
关键词
双季稻
有机肥
无机肥
产量
氮肥利用率
double-rice
organic manures
inorganic fertilizer
yield
nitrogen use efficiency
