摘要
试验于桂花生长的初花期至盛花初期采集不同品种的桂花花粉，干燥后将花粉保存于超低温液氮中，采用反复冻存和常温解冻30min的方法于第15、30、60、90、180、360天时，用离体培养基萌发法测定花粉活力．结果表明：桂花花粉活力并不高，新鲜花粉活力最高只有31．4％，液氮贮藏可延长其活力，活力保持在10％～20％之间，贮藏180d后花粉基本失活．对比人工授粉和自然授粉花粉管萌发过程研究发现：自然授粉条件下，花粉在开花第3天部分开始萌发，第5～6天有花粉管进入子房；人工授粉后2h柱头上有少量花粉萌发，4h形成花粉管并进入柱头生长，24h到达子房顶部；人工授粉比自然授粉花粉萌发率高．
Osmanthus fragrans is very famous flower with rich cultivars in China, but a few seeds were found in nature. The breeding system structures between different cultivars were not studied systematically and the pollen germination obstacles were thought as one important reason. The experiment on different varieties of pollen cryopreservation of osmanthus fragrans showed that the pollen vitality of Osmanthus fragrans was not high, fresh pollen vitality could get setting rate 31.4%. Liquid nitrogen storage could prolong its vitality and vigor remain between 10% and 20%, pollen almost dead after 180 d. Study on pollen germination processes found,in natural pollinations, pollen germination started 3 d after flowering; pollen tubes reached ovary about 5-6 d after flowering. After 2 h by artificial pollination, pollen germination star- ted on stigma; after 4 h, pollen tubes got into stigma; after 24 h, pollen tubes reached ovary. And there was a higher pollen germination rate by artificial pollination than by natural pollination.
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期99-104,110,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
关键词
桂花
花粉活力
花粉管
超低温
荧光显微
Osrnanthus fragrans
pollen viability
pollen tube
cryopreservation
fluorescencemicroscopy
