摘要
地震复合灾害是指以地震主震为灾害源并引发一种以上次生灾害的地震灾害。重大地震灾害都是复合灾害。复合灾害具有各构成灾害的叠加性,不同灾种之间还可能产生叠加效应。地震复合灾害与同时或连续发生的自然灾害、人为灾害构成广义复合灾害。复合灾害扩大、加剧了地震灾害灾情。减少地震复合灾害的构成灾害种数,降低、消除各构成灾害的叠加性与叠加效应,是研究地震复合灾害减灾对策的基本原则。编制城镇应急救援规划应以复合灾害的灾情严重程度为基础。构建完善的应急救援要素系统、合理估算避难人数和救援资源需求量,是复合灾害应急救援的基本对策。
The earthquake composite disaster is that caused by principal earthquake and one or more secondary dis- asters. Additive effects of different disasters can be considered in the earthquake composite disaster. The general- ized composite disaster includes the earthquake composite disaster, simultaneous or continuous occurrence of natural disaster and man - made disaster. The composite disaster can expands and exacerbate the earthquake disaster. Therefore, it is the basic principle that how to reduce the kinds of disaster and eliminate superimposed effects of dif- ferent kinds of disasters. Urban emergency rescue plan should be based on the disaster severity of the composite disasters. Construction of emergency rescue element system and estimation of the number of refugee and rescue re- sources demand are the basic countermeasures of disaster emergency rescue.
出处
《世界地震工程》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期119-124,共6页
World Earthquake Engineering
基金
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAJ28B04-02B
2011BAK07B01-04)
关键词
地震
复合灾害
应急救援
救援要素
规划
对策
earthquake
composite disaster
emergency rescue
rescue element
planning
countermeasure
