摘要
目的总结胆管癌的影像学特征、分期、影像学对胆管癌可切除性的评价以及胆管癌的鉴别诊断。方法通过查阅国内外相关文献,对胆管癌的影像学评价现状进行综述。结果胆管癌起源于胆管上皮细胞,其进展快,预后差。华支睾吸虫引起的肝吸虫病及胆管结石是其最常见的危险因素。胆管癌的临床表现取决于肿瘤的发生部位及生长方式。根据肿瘤的发生部位,胆管癌分为肝内胆管癌、肝门胆管癌及远端胆管癌;根据其生长方式及大体形态分为肿块/结节型、浸润型以及腔内生长型。各型胆管癌的影像学表现具有其各自的特征。影像学检查能对各型胆管癌作出较准确的影像分期及可切除性判断。一系列肿瘤性及非肿瘤性疾病的影像学表现与胆管癌相似,需结合各自的影像学特征、临床病史、实验室检查等作出合理的诊断。结论目前,影像学检查能为胆管癌治疗前的综合评价提供较全面的信息。
Objective To summary the imaging features, staging, resectability, and differential diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, Methods Domestic and international literatures were collected to summary the present progress of imaging assessment of cholangiocarcinoma. Results Cholangiocarcinoma generated from biliary epithelial cells with high aggression and unfavorable prognosis. Liver fluke and biliary calculi were the dominating risk factors. Clinical symp- toms and signs depended on the location and growth patterns of the tumor. It could be classified as intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma based on tumor location, and categorized as mass forming, periductal-infiltrating, and intraductal growth types on the basis of growth patterns. Each type had its own characteristic imaging features. Imaging examinations could make an accurate pretreatment assessment of staging and resectability. A spectrum of neoplastic and nonneoplastic abnormalities of the biliary tract may masquerade as cholangiocarcinoma. The combination of characteristic imaging features with clinical history and laboratory examinations was needed. Conclusions Imaging studies could provide comprehensive information in assessment of cholangiocarcinoma.
出处
《中国普外基础与临床杂志》
CAS
2014年第3期370-377,共8页
Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery
关键词
胆管癌
影像学
分期
可切除性
鉴别诊断
Cholangiocarcinoma
Imaging
Staging
Resectability
Differential diagnosis
