摘要
本文在建立环境规制与企业全要素生产率关系数理模型的基础上,以1998—2011年中国工业企业数据为样本,计量检验了环境规制对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究结论显示:①环境规制与企业全要素生产率之间符合"倒N型"关系,即环境规制强度较弱时,企业环境成本较低,技术创新的动机不够,全要素生产率会降低;当环境规制提高到能够促进企业技术创新时,只要环境规制处于合理的范围内,就会促进企业全要素生产率的提高;但当环境规制强度超过了企业所能承受的负担,全要素生产率会下降。②将中国36个工业行业部门划分为重度污染行业、中度污染行业和轻度污染行业三大类,在分析各类行业环境规制水平的基础上,进一步细分每一个行业在"倒N型"曲线上所处的位置。结论表明,目前中国环境规制水平整体较低,只有少数重度污染行业突破了第一个拐点,其他行业仍位于第一个拐点之前。因此,制定合理的环境规制水平和差异化的环境规制政策对于污染治理和企业全要素生产率的提高具有重要意义。
This paper constructs a mathematical model between the environmental regulation and TFP, and tests the influence of environmental regulation on TFP using China＇s all state-owned industrial enterprises and non- state-owned industrial enterprises above designated size from 1998 to 2011. The results show that： First, there is a inverted-N-type relationship between environmental regulation and TFP, which means that the initial weaker intensity of environmental regulation makes smaller environmental cost, the motivation of enterprise technology innovation is not enough, the TFP gradually reduces; When the intensity of environmental regulation increases enough to promote enterprises to carry out technological innovation, the TFP gradually increases within the reasonable environmental regulation intensity. However, when the burden of environmental regulation is more than the enterprise could afford, the TFP comes down. Second, divided 36 Chinese manufacture sectors into heavy pollution industry, moderate pollution industry and light pollution industry, based on the analysis of environmental regulation, further subdivided every industry＇s position on the position of the inverted-N-type curve. At present, the overall environmental regulation is low, just some heavily polluting industries break through the first inflection point, other industries are still located before the first inflection point. Therefore, reasonable environmental regulation and differentiated environmental regulation policy have important significance to pollution regulation and TFP improvements.
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期44-56,共13页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"城市生态文明建设机制
评价方法与政策工具研究"(批准号13&ZD158)
对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"全球经济治理变革与中国的策略研究创新团队"(批准号CXTD4-08)
关键词
环境规制
全要素生产率
倒N型
environmental regulation
total factor productivity
inverted-N-type
