摘要
发展的核心问题是结构转化,或者说是产业结构和经济结构由初级状况向高度化的过渡。结构转化又主要由需求结构、生产结构、就业结构和贸易结构及其关联机制的变换体现出来。本文以10年改革为背景,对我国产业结构的转换、矛盾及出路进行了实证分析。其基本观点是:改革使我国人均收入水平迅速提高,引起了国内需求结构变动,但供给体系在生产组织、技术变革和生产能力上从而在广义的积累机制上的调整滞后,使供求各环节出现断裂,并且造成资本品和中间投入产业的巨大缺口。在这个背景下,对外贸易承担着调节供求的重要功能,相应形成了国民经济的新流程。但是,居民收入形成机制和积累机制不完善,使这个流程阻滞。以国际收支均衡为目标,相应调整产业结构并深化金融、价格、企业和个人收入机制改革,是今后我国经济发展的中心任务。
The key problem of development is the transformation of structure, or rather, the transition of industrial and economic structure from the initial stage to the higher one. Again the transformation of the structure is reflected by the changes of the compositions of demand, production, employment and trade, as well as the changes of their connected mechanisms.
Taking real facts of the reform in the past 10 years as a basis, this article analyses the transformation, contradictions and solutions of China's industrial structure. The main points are: The reform has rapidly increased the average income per capital in China which has led to the changes in domestic demand composition. Owing to the lagging behind of the adjustment which can be seen in the production organizing, technical transformation, production capacity and, thus in a broad sense, the accumulation mechanism, breaches have appeared on various links of supply and demand causing a big shortage of capital goods and intermediate input industrial products. Against this backgound, the Chinese foreign trade undertakes the important function of adjusting the relations between demand and supply and a new circulation process of national economy has been shaped correspondingly. However, the formation and accumulation mechanisms with regard to resident's income are imperfect and the circulation has somewhat been obstructed. Therefore, the central task for the development of Chinese economy from now on is to achieve the target of balance-of-payment equilibrium and thus to adjust correspondingly the industrial structure and deepen the reform of finance, price, and enterprise and personal income mechanisms.
出处
《管理世界》
CSSCI
北大核心
1991年第1期82-91,共10页
Journal of Management World
