4LEE, Stephen J. Imperial Germany: 1871-1918 [M] London and New York: Routledge, 1999.
5TAYLOR, A. J. P. Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman [M]. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1955.
6TAYLOR, A. J. P. Germany's First Bid for Colonies [M]. London: Macmillan &Co., 1938.
7WILLIAMSON, D. G. Bismarck and Germany: 1862-1890 Second Edition [M]. London; New York: Longman, 1998.
8WEHLER, Hans-Ulrich. Bismarck's Imperialism: 1862-1890 [A]. SHEEHAN, James J. Imperial Germany [C]. New York: New Viewpoints, 1976.
9ALBERTINI, Rudolf Von. European Colonial Rule, 1880-1940: The Impact of the West on India, Southeast Asia, and Africa [M]. Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1982.
10KENNEDY, P. M. German Colonial Expansion: Has the ' Manipulated Social Imperialism' been antedated? [J]. Past and Present, 1972, (54).
