摘要
自1933年小林贞一(T. Kobayashi)建立Haniwa属以来,至今对其分类位置未能有统一的归属。广西那坡上寒武统凤山组内保存完美的Haniwa背壳标本,对其分类位置的归属有较重要的意义。依据广西完整的Haniwa背壳的特征,笔者认为Haniwa归属于Remopleuridacea超科,Richardsonellidae科较为合适。
When the genus Haniwa was first described in 1933, Kobayashi emphasized its close affinity to Eymekops. Two years later, he included Haniwa in the subfamily Anomocarinae of the family Ptychopariidae together with Eymekops, Haniwoides, Glyphaspis, Dolgaia, Lioparia and Anomocare (Kobayashi, 1935). However, Shergold (1975) placed Haniwa in familiae incertae under the superfamily Remopluridacea. Recent discovery of the well-preserved dorsal shields of Haniwa longa Zhu et Zhou from the upper Cambrian of western Guangxi demostrates that Haniwa may be considered as a member of Richarsonellidae. The following is a revised diagnosis of this genus.
Superfamily Remopleuriflacea Hawle et Corda, 1847 Family Richardsonellidae Raymond, 1924 Genus Haniwa Kobayashi, 1933
Type species: Haniwa sosanensis Kobayashi, 1933
Diagnosis: Dorsal shield elongate-elliptical in outline. Cephalon subrectangular (excluding the genal spine of librigena), gently convex. Genal field of librigena narrow (tr.); eye socle welldefined; genal spine long and gently curved adaxially. Cranidium subtrapezoidal. Glabella subqua drate or truncato-conical, with 2—3 pairs of glabellar furrows; longitudinal ridge distinct or indistinct. Occipital ring wide (tr.). Palpebral lobe very large, semicircular. Fixigena narrow and relatively longer. Preglabellar field subquadrilateral; marginal furrow shallow; border narrow (sag.) and slightly convex or gently upturned. Anterior section of facial suture almost parallel or slightly divergent; posterior section extending outward and slightly backward. Thorax composed of 11 segments; axial lobe wide, while pleural lobe narrow, with stout pleural spine. Pygidium small, semicircular or semielliptical in shape, with spinose posterolateral margin; axial lobe convex, short and wide, pleural lobe gently convex, pleural furrow shallow. Hypostoma elongate-ovoid, median body convex; anterior margin slightly arched, possibly possessing a very small anterior wing; posterior margin rounded, while postero-lateral border very narrow.
Remarks: In the large and semicircular palpebral lobe, the narrow fixigena, the narrower (sag.) postero-lateral border, the spinose pygidium and the narrow and long librigena, Haniwa closely resembles Yosimuaspis Kobayashi, Richardsonella Raymond, Fatocephalus Duan et An and Sigmakainella Shergold, but it chiefly differs from these genera in the nearly parallel or slightly divergent anterior facial suture, in the shape of the preglabellar field and in the comparatively narrow (tr.) postero-lateral border.
Since Yosimuraspis, Richardsonella, Fatocephalus and Sigmakainella have been placed in the Family Richardsonellidae, Haniwa may also be considered referable to this family.
Haniwa longa Zhu et Zhou, 1980 (Pls. Ⅰ—Ⅳ)
1980 Haniwa longa Zhu et Zhou, in Chen et al., p. 184, pl. Ⅳ, figs. 20—21.
1983 Haniwa dactylojera Q. Z. Zhang, in Qiu et al., p. 135, pl. 44, fig. 9.
1984 Haniwa longa Zhu et Zhou, in Zhou and Zhang, p 109, pl. Ⅴ, figs. 14—17.
1985 Haniwa elongata Qian, in Chen et al., p. 77, pl. 13, fig. 13.
1986 Hanitwa longa Zhu et Zhou, in Duan et al., p. 50, pl. 6, figs. 13—20, 23; pl. 8, figs. 13b, c, 15c, 16a.
1986 Haniwa elongata Qian, in Chen et al., p. 283, pl. 74, figs. 1, 4, 7(?); pl. 75, fig. 4(?); pl. 76, fig. 11(?).
The present forms are essentially identical with the holotype of Haniwa longa Zhu et Zhou from the Upper Cambrian Fengshan Formation of Suxian, North Anhui. But in the cranidium from Guangxi, the glabellar anterior margin is rather rounded, and the glabella is more tapering forwards.
出处
《古生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期413-419,537-540,共7页
Acta Palaeontologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所所长基金
关键词
三叶虫
Haniwa
分类
Haniwa, Taxonomic position, Richardsonellidae
