摘要
目的：了解常用抗菌药物致白细胞（wBc）减少发生的特点，为临床安全、合理用药提供参考。方法：采用计算机和手动检索1994—2013年在中国知网（CNKI）、维普（VIP）、万方等数据库及百度、谷歌中报道抗菌药物致WBC减少的个案报道，将所得病例按患者年龄、性别、给药途径、原患疾病、发生时间、表现、转归进行归纳分析。结果：共纳入136篇合格文献．164例病例，其中男性70例，女性94例；19-50岁患者发生率最高，占64．02％；以静脉给药最多，占86．59％；出现最短时间为2d，最长为50d，其中在1～6d内占71．95％；共涉及12类33种药品，其中氟喹诺酮类和硝基咪唑类最多，分别占19．51％和15．85％；致WBC减少的前5位的药物分别为左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、阿奇霉素、奥硝唑、阿米卡星；WBC减少值主要在（2～4）×10。L_。间，占68．29％；所有病例经停药或给予升WBC等对症治疗后WBC均恢复至正常值，无死亡报道。结论：临床应重视抗菌药物致WBC减少的监测和报告工作，减少其的发生。
OBJECTIVE： To investigate the characteristics of antibiotics-induced leukopenia, and to provide reference for the safety and rationality of drug use. METHODS： Retrieved from CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database, Google and Baidu reports by computer and hand, reports of antibiotics-induced leukopenia were summarized and analyzed in respects of patient＇s age, gender, route of administration, primary disease, occurrence time of ADR, clinical manifestations and outcomes. RESULTS： A total of 136 eligible literatures were involved, including 164 cases, 70 male and 94 female; 19-50 years old patients occupied the highest pro- portion, accounting for 64.02% ; most cases were caused by intravenous administration, accounting for 86.59% ; the shortest occur- rence time of ADR was 2 d, while the longest was 50 d, among which 71.95% occurred within 1-6 d; a total of 12 categories and 33 kinds of drugs were used, most of which were fluoroquinolones and nitroimidazole, accounting for 19.51% and 15.85%; top 5 drugs were levofloxacin, vancomycin, omidazole, amikacin and azithromycin; the decrease of WBC ranged （2-4） 109 L ＇, ac- counting for 68.29%; after stopping taking medicine or symptomatic treatment, WBC recovered to normal and there was no reports of deaths. CONCLUSIONS： Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring and reporting about antibiotics-induced leuko- penia, to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic and reduce the occurrence of ADR.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第10期918-920,共3页
China Pharmacy
