摘要
目的了解医学生自杀意念发生情况,探讨心理健康状况、负性生活事件、社会支持等因素对其影响,为大学生自杀预测及预防提供依据。方法利用青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表、症状自评量表及一般情况问卷,对沈阳某医学院大一至大三年级992名在校医学生进行问卷调查。结果医学生自杀意念发生率为7.1%;有无自杀意念医学生负性生活事件总分分别为(45.62±11.71)和(38.27±9.08)分,差异有统计学意义(t=4.754,P=0.000);有自杀意念者在人际关系因子、学习压力因子、受惩罚因子、健康适应因子的得分均高于无自杀意念者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);自杀意念组主观支持得分(19.24±3.57)分,支持利用度得分(6.78±1.72)分,支持总分(32.85±5.71)分,均低于无自杀意念组的(20.54±3.65)、(7.71±1.86)、(36.27±5.77)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);症状自评量表调查结果显示,有自杀意念医学生的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病各因子分均高于无自杀意念的医学生,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论自杀意念在医学生中有一定的发生率,社会、心理因素对医学生自杀意念的产生有重要影响。
Objective To explore the incidence of suicidal ideation in medical students and to evaluate the relations between suicide idea and mental health status and other risk behaviors, and to provide evidence for suicide prevention. Methods Totally 992 students at grades one to three in Shenyang Medical College were sampled using stratified cluster sampling method and were investigated with Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List（ ASLEC）, Symptom Check- list-90 （SCL-90）, Social Support Rating Scale（ S SRS ）, and a questionnaire about general information. Results The rate of suicide ideation among the students was 7.1%. The score of negative life events measured by ASLEC for the students having suicidal ideation （45.62 ±11.71 ） was significantly higher than that of students without suicidal ideation （ 38.27 ±9. 08）（ t =4. 754, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The students with suicidal ideation had higher scores for interpersonal factor, academic pressure,enduring punishment factor,and health adaptation factor（ all P 〈 0. 01 ） and lower scores for subjective support （ 19. 24 ±3.57 ） ,degree of using-support （ 6. 78 ±1.72 ）, and total social support （ 32. 85 ±5.71 ） （ all P 〈 0. 05 ） than those of the students without suicidal ideation. The students with suicide ideation had higher scores for 10 factors in SCL-90 than those of the students without suicide ideation （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion There was high incidence of suicide ideation in medical undergraduates. Negative life events and poor psychological health are important factors for suicidal ideation among medical students.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期269-272,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
自杀意念
危险因素
医学生
suicidal ideation
risk factor
medical student
