摘要
城市发展中所关注的研究内容随城市所处的发展阶段和时代而变化。西方发达国家对城市舒适性的研究已经有长达70年的历史,而中国在这方面的研究开展甚少,并且对国外城市舒适性相关研究缺乏全面的认识。首先系统梳理了国外研究中关于城市舒适性的理论基础、概念、内涵,及其与人口迁移和城市发展的关系,并对研究方法进行了介绍;其次对国外城市舒适性研究进展进行了简要的评述和研究趋势展望,进而提出,从城市发展前瞻性的视角出发,有必要在中国深入开展城市舒适性研究,并对如何在中国城市规划设计、城市经济转型研究中借鉴城市舒适性研究理念和研究方法进行了分析。
Traditional theories of urban development have been outmoded in the era of globalization and knowl- edge economy, and urban amenities are now considered as a more and more important factor promoting urban growth. Urban amenities have become an increasingly hot topic in the westem countries, to which the research- ers in China seem to have not paid too much attention. This article aims at obtaining a comprehensive under- standing of overseas research in the field of urban amenities, in order to provide references for urban amenity re- search in China. By collecting and analyzing related publications, this paper gives a systematically review of overseas research on urban amenities from several aspects： （1） the theoretical basis, including human demand theory, capital theory and sciences of human settlement; （2） concepts of urban amenities defined by different re- searches, and three types of urban amenities, i.e. natural amenities, modem amenities and social amenities; （3） urban amenities and amenity migration; （4） the influence of urban amenities on location decisions of talents, companies and urban growth; （5） commonly used research methods of urban amenities including survey, Hedon- ic price model and structure equation model. After that, the author makes comments on the current research prog- ress and research trends. At the same time, comparisons between domestic and foreign researches on urban ame- nities are also discussed. The main conclusions from the review are as follows. （1） Quite a few of Western schol- ars have demonstrated that urban amenities work as an promoter to urban development through attracting talents and companies, whereas the concept of urban amenity has been studied just as a component of the livability of a city, which has not been closely related to urban development; （2） the focus of the scholars on urban amenities has changed from natural factors previously to modem elements now, such as restaurants, museums and bars, be- cause a city, after all, is man-made; （3） the theory of urban amenities is more concemed with the needs of talent and the creative class, so it is a demand oriented developmental theory, which can not only help make a city suc- cessful in economic growth but also facilitate continuous urban development. With the influence of globaliza- tion, there is a strong necessity of carrying out studies on urban amenities in China from the three aspects： （1） it has been widely proved that urban amenities have a strong relation with urban growth, and China will lose more profit if we ignore it, especially for super cities as Beijing and Shanghai. With the rapid progress of urbanization and economic development in China, more people come to urban areas, so it is of great significance to take ur- ban amenities into consideration in the process of making developmental strategies; （2） urban planning system can also benefit from urban amenity studies, since it is concerning people＇s needs; （3） the Twelfth Five-year Plan of China has proposed to speed up economic restructuring from traditional industries to high-tech industries. Considering that the developmental theory of urban amenities lies in attracting human capital and technical enter- prises, it may very well provide guidance for the economic restructuring of the cities in China. Above all, from the perspective of both perfecting related research and promoting urban growth, the research of urban amenities in China is needed.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期249-258,共10页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金青年-面上连续项目(41371008)
关键词
城市舒适性
城市发展
研究进展
研究启示
urban amenity
urban development
research progress
enlightenment
