摘要
历时演化看,"所"从结构助词转化为后附缀,再虚化;"有所"从跨层结构到韵律词、语法词,再虚化为词汇词;"有所X"从带转指结构的述宾短语,到带谓词宾语的错位结构,再发展为带不及物谓词、体词的述宾短语。共时发展看,"有所"的句法功能正在分化,带体词宾语的及物性在增强,描摹心理动词、形容词的正转向摹状化、副词化;表达功用主要是对"X"的有界化、适量化表述;继承古代"有所X"的四字格式现已占据优势,并且形成了一系列对举、连用式,尤其是类推化的多项排比式。
Diachronically,'suo(所)' has evolved from a function word to an enclitic,and to a suffix;'yousuo(有所)' from a cross-layer to a prosodic word,grammatical word,and at last to a lexical word;and 'yousuo(有所) X' from a predicate-object structure to a dislocation structure with predicates,and to a predicate-object structure with intransitive predicates or nominals.Synchronically,the syntactic functions of 'yousuo(有所)' have been divided.The typical transitivity of 'yousuo(有所)' with direct nominal-object is enhancing,and the defining psychological verbs,adjectives,after 'yousuo(有所)' are turning to be descriptive or adverb-like.The expressing function of 'yousuo(有所)' is to denote telicity and an appropriate amount for X.Predominantly,'yousuo(有所) X' has inherited the ancient four word phrase format,forming a type of parallelism in modern Chinese.
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第1期40-53,96,共14页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
教育部规划基金项目(项目编号:13YJA740079)"介词演化的规律
机制及其句法后果研究"
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(编号:2012BYY002)"当代汉语流行构式研究"的专题性成果之一
上海高校一流学科(B类)建设计划规划项目(项目编号:118-0501)的资助
关键词
所
有所
后附缀
后词缀
词汇化
有界化
suo(所)
yousuo(有所)
enclitic
suffix
lexicalization
telicity
