摘要
物种形成过程是生物多样性形成的基础,长期以来一直是进化生物学的中心议题之一。传统的异域物种形成理论认为,地理隔离是物种分化的主要决定因子,物种形成只有在种群之间存在地理隔离的情况下才能发生。近年来,随着种群基因组学的发展和溯祖理论分析方法的完善,种群间存在基因流情况下的物种形成成为进化生物学领域新的研究焦点。物种形成过程中是否有基因流的发生?基因流如何影响物种的形成与分化?基因流存在条件下物种形成的生殖隔离机制是什么?根据已发表的相关文献资料,作者综述了当前物种形成研究中基因流的时间和空间分布模式、基因流对物种分化的影响以及生殖隔离机制形成等问题,指出基因流存在条件下的物种形成可能是自然界普遍发生的一种模式。
Speciation has long been a core issue in evolutionary biology and is of fundamental importance to the formation of biodiversity. The traditional view of allopatric speciation holds that geographic isolation is a major driver of speciation and that species divergence only occurs in circumstances where there is geographic isolation between populations. In recent years, with the development of population genomics and the advance of coalescent-based analytical methods, speciation with gene flow has become a topic of major interest in the field of evolutionary biology research. Does gene flow occur during the process of speciation？ How does it affect species divergence？ What are the reproductive isolation underlying the speciation in the presence of gene flow？ All these questions are foci of attention in current speciation research. In this paper, we review the distribution patterns of temporal and spatial gene flow, and elucidate the effects of gene flow on speciation and the evolution of reproductive isolation. We conclude that speciation with gene flow could be common in nature.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期88-96,共9页
Biodiversity Science
基金
新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室开放课题(BRYB1304)
国家自然科学基金项目(41101058)
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(2013JK0713)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20126101120021)
西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室基金项目(13JS094)
西北大学优秀青年学术骨干项目(PR12146)
西北大学自然科学基金项目(12NW18)
关键词
基因流
物种形成
生殖隔离
自然选择
分化选择
gene flow, speciation, reproductive isolation, natural selection, divergent selection
