摘要
金川公司废弃的铜选矿尾渣和镍熔融渣含铁30％-40％，FeO＋SiO2含量大于90％。根据弃渣的成分特点，提出了一种综合处理铜选矿尾渣和镍熔融渣的提铁炼钢工艺：将铜选矿尾渣和碳质还原剂进行造块，在矿热炉中熔化还原，冶炼低牌号硅铁，再将热态的含硅铁水与热态的镍熔融渣兑入摇炉，并加石灰控制碱度，冶炼出还原铁水。经过理论分析计算，利用31．2kg焦炭在矿热炉中熔化还原100kg铜选矿尾渣，可以冶炼出57．3kg的含硅28％的硅铁合金。用硅铁还原镍熔融渣，冶炼1t还原铁水需要镍熔融渣1470kg，铜选矿尾渣1060kg，干焦炭298kg，石灰911kg。充分利用热态的含硅铁水和镍熔融渣两种热能，用石灰的烘烤温度调节控制摇炉内温度，避免突然爆发的大喷溅，预期可以实现回收渣中绝大部分有价金属的目的。并将产生的炉渣用于制作无机非金属建筑材料，实现弃渣的综合利用。理论分析表明该工艺利用两种弃渣进行提铁是可行的。
Jinchuan＇s copper tailing and nickel residue contain iron of 30% - 40% and （ FeO ＋ SiO2 ） ≥90%. According to the components features, a new recovering iron process on comprehensively treating the copper tailing and nickel residue was proposed： pellets made by the copper tailing and carbon reductant were smelted and reduced in submerged arc furnace to produce the low-grade ferrosilicon. The hot and desulfurized ferrosilicon was poured into the rocking furnace which loaded in advance the hot nickel residue to produce melted iron by controlling basicity with lime. Through theoretical analysis, 100 kg copper tailing could be reduced by 31.2 kg coke to produce at least 57.31 kg ferrosilicon alloy containing silicon of 28%. About 1470 kg nickel residue, 1060 kg copper tailing, 298 kg dry coke and 911 kg lime were smelted to obtain 1t melted iron. Making full use of the heat coming from the ferrosilicon alloy and nickel residue, most valuable metals could be recycled though regulating the baking temperature of lime to control the rocking furnace＇s temperature and avoid the splash. The waste slag could be comprehensively utilized through producing inorganic non-metallic materials for building. Theoretical analysis showed that the new recovering iron process about comprehensively treating the copper tailing and nickel residue was feasible.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期108-114,共7页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
陕西省教育厅产业化培育项目(2012JC15)资助
关键词
铜渣
镍渣
提铁
矿热炉
摇炉
copper tailing
nickel residue
recovering iron
submerged arc furnace
rocking furnace
