摘要
司法行政化,即以行政的目的、构造、方法、机理及效果取代司法自身的内容,形成以行政方式操作的司法。法院司法运作的全过程均带有行政化色彩,表现为司法目的和价值的行政化、案件审判活动的行政化、上下级法院关系的行政化、司法人事制度和法院结构的行政化以及审判管理的行政化等。在给定的约束条件下,司法行政化可以弥补一线司法能力之不足,可以抗制外部干预。但其过度发展会妨碍依法治国,损害办案质量与效率,危及司法权威和公信力,阻碍法院工作的可持续发展。司法行政化的根源在于基本权力结构及其运行机制;司法功能设定的非司法化和资源配置的有限性,统一的人事管理制度和财政供应制度以及国家机能分化不足,亦为重要原因。遏制司法行政化需强化法院的司法审查功能、审判功能以及终局性纠纷解决功能;需阻隔行政性要素介入审判,建立审判独立的"二元模式";需在法院审判管理、司法行政管理、上下级法院业务管理上"去行政化"。
＂Administrativization＂ of courts refers to the replacement of the content of judicial system with administrative goals, structures, approaches, principles and effects, thereby turning it into a judicial system operating in an administrative mode. In recent years, the whole operational process of the court system has gradually taken on an administrative hue, which is manifested in the administrativization of judicial goals and values, of trial method, of the relationship between different levels of courts, of the personnel system and the structure of courts, and of the trial management system. Un- der certain circumstances, the administrativization of the court system can help courts to make up for their lack of judicial capability and resist outside interventions. However, the excessive development of this trend will impede the rule of law, negatively affect the authority of and public trust in courts, and even hinder the sustainable development of the judicial system. The root cause of the administrativization of the judicial system lies in the basic power structure and operational system of the state. Therefore it is urgent to curb such trend of administrativization in the process of deepening the reform. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to remodel the functions of courts, prevent administrative intervention in trial, strictly adhere to the principle of ＂letting judges to make their decisions and be responsible for their decisions＂, eliminate all administrative features in the trial management and personnel management of courts, as well as in the relationship between different levels of courts, and promote the professionalization of judges and the reform of the system of presiding judges.
出处
《法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第1期132-149,共18页
Chinese Journal of Law
基金
四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费研究专项(哲学社会科学项目)--学科前沿与交叉创新重点项目资助
关键词
司法行政化
司法改革
审判规律
去行政化
administrativization of courts, judicial reform, laws of trial, de-administrativization
