摘要
为了提高列车在大风中运行的安全性,利用抽吸气法控制列车绕流边界层分离,以减小横风气动力。以中国CRH型高速列车为原型,在车体内设计了腔室,并通过条缝与列车表面相连,使列车表面的绕流经列车表面条缝流入腔室内,形成抽吸效应。研究结果表明:抽吸气腔室和条缝的设置能够在列车高速行驶时产生低于车体外部绕流的压力,有效地控制边界层的分离和减小列车的横风气动力。条缝倾角对气动减载效果有明显影响,当条缝倾角为30°时,总阻力的减载幅度可达7.21%;头车、中间车与尾车的横向力分别减载4.85%、2.71%与90.48%;头车、中间车与尾车的升力分别减载8.21%、12.56%与7.69%;头车、中间车与尾车的倾覆力矩减载幅度分别为5.29%、8.84%与57.56%。条缝倾角对不同车段气动减载率的影响不同,尾车受条缝倾角影响的程度最大。
In order to improve the safety of train in crosswind, a new method for safety control using suction effect was discussed to control the separation of airflow boundary layers and to decrease the crosswind aerodynamic force on train. Taking CRH high-speed train of China as prototype, the pumping chambers were added in train body, and the outer surface of train was connected with pumping chambers by slots. When train was running at high speed, airflow was sucked into pumping chambers through slots to form suction effect. Analysis result indicates that the installing of pumping chambers and slots can make the pressure inside train lower than its outside airflow pressure when train is running at high speed. The separation of airflow boundary layers can be effectively controlled. The crosswind aerodynamic force on train decreases. Slot inclination angle has significant effect on decreasing crosswind aerodynamic force. When inclination angle is 30%, the decrease of total resistance is 7.21%. The decrease of lateral force is 4. 85% for the first vehicle, 2.71% for the middle vehicle, and 90.48% for the last vehicle. The decrease of lift is 8.21% for the first vehicle, 12.56% for the middle vehicle, and 7.69% for the last vehicle. The decrease of overturning moment is 5.290% for the first vehicle, 8.84% for the middle vehicle, and 57. 56% for the last vehicle. Slot inclination angle has different effects on the aerodynamic load-shedding rates of different vehicles. The impact of slot inclination angle on the last vehicle is greatest. 3 tabs, 14 figs, 18 refs.
出处
《交通运输工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期36-46,68,共12页
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51278032)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2013M530520)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAG12A03C)
关键词
高速列车
风阻
减载方法
抽吸效应
气动特性
横风
high-speed train
wind drag
load-shedding method
suction effect
aerodynamic characteristic
crosswind
