摘要
对成都平原典型代表区饲用玉米(Zea mays)-多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)种植系统(简称CIS系统)内氮素需求、转移、利用、通量与氮素平衡进行了分析。结果表明,不施氮条件下饲用玉米地上部生物量和氮素累积量分别达26 756.82和317.39kg·hm-2,与施氮条件下相比差异不显著。施氮改变土壤氮含量,影响了饲用玉米在不同生育期地上部和根系的干物质和氮素累积,但不影响收获期最终干物质和氮素累积;不同处理条件下,饲用玉米生长期内土壤(0-50cm)氮素矿化量(283.34kg·hm-2)和播前土壤矿质氮量(139.58kg·hm-2)是饲用玉米氮素需求主要供给来源,分别占不施氮条件下氮素有效累积(地上植株和根系)的86.53%和42.50%;施氮(纯氮246.30kg·hm-2)条件下,氮素吸收效率、氮肥利用率和氮肥表观利用率分别为0.49kg·kg-1、5.95%和5.45%;土壤氮素残留和其它损失是氮素转移的主要途径,分别占氮肥总量的41.60%和51.44%,氮素地表径流、淋溶及其它损失分别是不施氮条件下的13.17倍、16.67%和46.92倍。
Nitrogen requirements, nitrogen transfer, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen flux and nitrogen balance of forage corn-Lolium multiflorum planting system （CIS） were analyzed in the representative area of the Chengdu plain. The results showed that dry mass and nitrogen accumulation of forage corn without nitrogen fertilizer were 26 756.82 kg · ha-1 and 317.39 kg · ha-1 , respectively, which have no significant difference with fertilizer nitrogen treatment. Nitrogen fertilizer improved the content of nitrogen in soil which affected the biomass of aboveground and root and nitrogen accumulation at different stages of growth period. However, nitrogen fertilizer did not affect the dry mass and nitrogen accumulation at har- vest. Soil nitrogen mineralization amount （283.34 kg · ha-a） during growth period and soil mineral nitro- gen before planting （139.58 kg · ha-1） in 0-50 cm soil layer area are major nitrogen source of forage corn and the accumulated nitrogen efficient （including aboveground and root） account for 86.53% and 42.50%, respectively. With nitrogen application level （246.30 kg · ha-l）, nitrogen absorption efficiency, utiliza- tion rate and apparent efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer are 0.49 kg · kg-1 , 5.95% and 5.45%, respectively. Soil nitrogen residue and other loss were the main way of nitrogen transfer which accounted for 41.60% and 51.44% of total fertilizer nitrogen. Nitrogen surface runoff, leaching loss and other loss with fertilizer were 13.17 times, 16. 67% and 13.17 times of the conditions without fertilizer resDectivelv.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期2029-2034,共6页
Pratacultural Science
关键词
氮素需求
氮素转移
氮素损失
氮素累积
nitrogen requirement nitrogen transfer nitrogen loss nitrogen accumulation
