摘要
唐山是我国北方岩溶塌陷地质灾害多发地,1976年唐山大地震以来,岩溶塌陷已发生多起。在分析岩溶发育现状的基础上,描述了该区的岩溶发育特征,进而研究了岩溶塌陷的成因机理。研究认为,采矿活动和过量开采岩溶地下水是造成岩溶塌陷的直接诱因,它直接改变了地下水动力条件,局部形成了水位漏斗;地面建筑物的重力荷载、煤矿透水灾害和地震等将直接导致岩溶塌陷地质灾害的发生。据此提出了较为具体的防治措施。
The Tangshan area is prone to karst collapse hazard in North China, many karst collapses have been happened since the Tangshan megaseism 1976. Based on analysis of karst development status quo, described karst development features in the area, and then studied karst collapse genetic mechanism. The study considered that the mining activities and excessive exploitation of groundwa- ter are the direct inducements to cause karst collapses, because of they directly changed groundwater dynamic conditions, and formed depression cones locally. Gravity load of surface structures, coalmine water inrush and earthquake can direetly eause karst collapses. Based on the study, rather concrete controlling measures put forward.
出处
《中国煤炭地质》
2013年第12期64-67,86,共5页
Coal Geology of China
关键词
岩溶塌陷
现状分析
发育特征
成因机理
防治措施
河北唐山
karst collapse
analysis of status quo
development features
genetic mechanism
controlling measures, Tangshan, Hebei
