摘要
采用田间试验,研究了氮素形态及配比对春茬甘蓝生长、光合作用、养分吸收利用、品质和产量的影响。结果表明,NH4+-N和NO3--N∶NH4+-N为3∶7处理明显促进甘蓝茎粗的增加;叶片发生数则以NH4+-N处理下相对较多。铵态氮有利于促进甘蓝不同器官中氮含量的提高,硝态氮有利于钾含量的提高,但磷含量受氮源的影响变化不一致。NO3--N∶NH4+-N处于3∶7～7∶3范围内有利于提高甘蓝外叶、叶球和根系的氮、磷和钾含量,同时提高甘蓝叶片的光合作用。NO3--N与NH4+-N配施处理的增产率显著大于单一氮肥形态的处理,其中NO3--N∶NH4+-N处于3∶7～5∶5范围内时促进增产的效果较好,比率为5∶5时最佳。单施NO3--N易增加甘蓝叶球硝酸盐含量,减少Vc含量;NO3--N∶NH4+-N处于3∶7～7∶3范围内可降低硝酸盐含量,获得较高的可溶性糖含量,其中以NO3--N∶NH4+-N为5∶5时效果最好;铵态氮肥(包括酰胺态氮肥)有利于甘蓝叶片中Vc含量的提高。总之,与单一氮肥形态相比,当NO3--N∶NH4+-N处于3∶7～7∶3范围内时甘蓝易获得高产和较好的品质,其中NO3--N∶NH4+-N为5∶5是最佳比例。
This study determined the effects of different nitrogen forms [（NH2）2CO-N, NO3^- -N, NH4^＋-N, NO3 ^--N ： NH4^＋-N] on nutrient uptake,yield formation, and quality of spring cabbage （Brassica oleracea var. capitata）. A field experiment was conducted at Yuzhong （104°12′E, 35°85′ N）, China in 2012, where eight different N forms and various ratios of different N forms were applied to the crop in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed that the application of NO3 ^--N ： NH4^＋-N in 3 ： 7 was conducive to the improvement of the stem diameter of cabbage. The fertilization with single NH4^＋-N could in crease the numbers of leaves. The use of NH4^＋- N improved the content of N and use of NO3 -N improved the content of K, but the P content varied with N sources in different organs of cabbage. Cabbage supplied with the ratios of NO3^- -N ： NH4^＋-N ranging from 3 ： 7 to 7 ： 3 was conducive to improve the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves, head and roots of cabbage, and could improve photosynthesis of leaves. The application of （NH2）2CO-N or NH4^＋-N was conducive to the improvement of Vc content in the leaves of cabbage. We concluded that the ratios of NO3^- -N ： NH44^＋-N ranging from 3 ： 7 to 7 ： ,3 significantly improved the yield and quality of cabbage, and the application of NO3^- -N ： NH44^＋-N in 5 ： 5 had best effect
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期68-76,共9页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资金(201203001)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25-C-07)
教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20116202110002)
甘肃省自然科学基金(1010RJZA186)资助
