摘要
世界各国刑法关于犯罪参与体系的立法存在着"区分制"与"单一制"的对立。区别两种犯罪参与体系的关键在于立法上是否将参与人区分为正犯与狭义的共犯两种不同的犯罪类型。因区分制具有能够深入地揭示现实生活中所存在的纷繁芜杂的共犯分工现象,适合于构筑"构成要件为中心"的法治国的刑法基础以及能够合理地限定共犯的处罚范围等诸多优点,在制度的层面上更具妥当性。在解释论上,中国的犯罪参与体系的性质可归结为区分制。不同于德、日刑法对参与人类型与参与人程度进行单层次操作的区分制模式,中国刑法采取的是区分参与人类型与参与人程度的双层次操作的模式,即在以分工为标准将参与人区分为正犯、组织犯、教唆犯、帮助犯等不同犯罪类型的基础上,进一步地以作用为标准对参与人作了主、从犯之分。两种分类方法并存不悖,且功能各异。
In the legislation of the criminal participation in most countries, there are two basic opposite modes, i. e. , the system of all participants being regarded as the perpetrator and the system of differentiating between the principal and the accomplice. The key to distinguish two kinds of systems is whether the participants are distinguished as two different types of crime ： perpetrator and narrow accomplice by the criminal law. Because the latter system has many advantages of further revealing the complicated phenomena in the real world of the division of criminal participation, being suitable for the construction of a state ruling by law on the basis of constitutive requirements, and reasonably restricting the punishment range of complicity, and so on, The system of differentiation is more appropriate in the system aspect. According to the in- terpretative theory, the nature of the accomplice system in Chinese Criminal Law may boil down to the system of differentia- ting between perpetrator and accomplice. Chinese Criminal Law adopts the distinction mode of double - layer＇ s operation to distinguish function and role of participants, that is, it divides the participants into different types of crime of perpetrator, organizing offender, abettor and accessory. Simultaneous ,it divides the participants into principal criminal and accessorial criminal based on the standard of their role furthermore. These two methods of classification co - exist without contradiction and play their role respectively.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第6期149-158,共10页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
司法部国家法治与法学理论研究青年项目(09SFB3015)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(10YJC820030)
关键词
犯罪参与体系
区分制
正犯
共犯
system of criminal participation
system of differentiating between the principal and the accomplice
prin-cipal
accomplice
