摘要
震源深度是地震学研究的关键参数之一,在地震灾害快速评估、孕震机理研究等方面具有重要意义,但是稀疏台网中震源深度的精确测定一直是难点.基于地震波到时信息是测定震源深度的常用方法,但极大地受限于台网密度及速度结构复杂性,测定精度不高.而利用P、S、面波等主要震相及深度震相的振幅、偏振、频谱等信息,即使在稀疏台网中也可以精确测定震源深度.本文在回顾基于到时及基于波形的震源深度测定方法的基础上,重点阐述了利用深度震相测定震源深度的方法原理,并将这些方法应用于实际地震的震源深度研究,给出了几个高精度测定典型地震震源深度的观测实例.
The focal depth is an important parameter of seismology. It plays a key role in fast earthquake hazard evaluation and seismogenic research. It, however, is a challenge to determine focal depth with high precision. Most popular location methods base on arrival time of seismic wave. Due to seismic network coverage and seismic velocity heterogeneity, such methods are difficult to obtain high resolution result. The information extracted from seismic waveform, such as amplitude, polarization, spectrum, provides efficient constraint on depth even with sparse network. After a simple review of location methods based on arrival time, we pay more attention on methods based on depth phase, and provide several application examples.
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期2309-2321,共13页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金(41104032)
中国科学院动力大地测量学重点实验室基金(L10-04)
地震行业基金(201308013)联合资助
关键词
震源深度
波形反演
深度震相
P波偏振
面波振幅谱
earthquake focal depth, waveform inversion, depth phase, P wave polarization, surface wave spectrum
