摘要
我国能源需求的急剧增加促使国家大力发展可再生能源,甲烷作为极具应用前景的可再生能源之一,其发展利用及相关技术受到广泛关注。为了有效利用秸秆等农作物废弃物,提高其发酵产甲烷能力,本文以反刍动物瘤胃液为接种物,体外批次发酵法研究了不同长度(1 mm、2mm、4 mm和8 mm)及预处理方式(4%尿素、4%氨和4%氢氧化钠处理)对稻草发酵产甲烷能力的影响。不同长度稻草体外发酵试验结果显示:当稻草长度为1 mm时,总产气量及甲烷产量最低,分别为58.16 mL和28.60 mL;稻草长度为8 mm时,甲烷产量最高,为32.34 mL;稻草长度从1 mm增加至8 mm时,甲烷产量也逐渐升高,但稻草长度为4 mm与8 mm间的甲烷产量没有显著差异。不同预处理方式对稻草甲烷产量的研究结果显示:氨处理时,稻草体外发酵甲烷产量最高,为41.51 mL,但与氢氧化钠处理的稻草相比,甲烷产量没有显著差异,尿素处理时稻草发酵产甲烷量最低,仅为28.81 mL,显著低于氨与氢氧化钠处理时稻草的甲烷产量;氨处理时稻草发酵总产气量也最高,为109.51 mL,但与其他两个处理相比差异不显著;与未经化学处理的稻草相比,氨和氢氧化钠处理均能提高稻草体外发酵时的甲烷产量。研究结果表明:片段长度与预处理方式都能影响稻草厌氧发酵产甲烷的能力,本文研究结果为合理有效提高稻草厌氧发酵产甲烷能力提供了可行途径。
The growing demand for energy have given rise to mounting attentions on biogas development in China. And thus the develop-ment and related technology of methane, one of the most important biogases, were focused. In order to improve the methane production abili- ty of rice straw, the present study investigated the effect of lengths and chemical treatments on anaerobic methane production of rice straw with rumen contents as inoculum. The length of rice straw were 1,2, 4 and 8 mm, respectively and 4% urea, 4% ammonia and 4% sodium hydroxide were used as chemical treatments. The results from in vitro fermentation with different lengths of rice straw showed that the total gas and methane production were lowest （58. 16 mL and 28.60 mL, respectively） when the rice straw was cut into 1 mm. And the methane pro-duction was the highest （32. 34 mL） when the rice straw was 8 mm. When the length of rice straw increased from 1 mm to 8 mm, the meth- ane production was also increased from 28. 60 mL to 32. 34 mL, but there was no statistical difference between 4 mm and 8 mm. The effect of chemical treatment on methane production showed that the methane production from rice straw treated with ammonia was the highest （41.51 mL） and it was lowest （28.81 mL） when treated with urea, while there was no statistical difference between ammonia and sodium hydroxide treatment. There was no statistical difference with the total gas production among the three treatments. Compared with the untreated rice straw, ammonia and sodium hydroxide treatment could both improve the methane production. In conclusions, the length and chemical treatment could both affect the methane production ability of rice straw. Our finding provided effective methods for improvement of the meth-ane production ability of rice straw.
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2013年第11期5-10,共6页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003)
关键词
稻草
厌氧发酵
干物质消失率
甲烷产量
氢氧化钠
氨
rice straw
anaerobic fermentation
dry matter degradation
methane production
NaOH
NH3
