摘要
颈部创伤包括颈部血管、神经、喉与气管、咽与食管、胸导管和软组织等损伤。通常根据解剖部位将颈部分为3个区域,对判断损伤脏器有指导意义。颈部创伤患者尤其应首先进行气道、呼吸和循环功能等全身评估。存在扩展性血肿或活动性出血的患者应到手术室紧急手术。对于血流动力学稳定的患者,需要进行包括颈椎、胸部的X线片、CT、动脉造影和食管造影等等放射学评估,必要时选用咽喉食管镜、气管镜、食管造影检查。任何颈部穿透伤患者早期最主要的关注点均是气道控制。颈部血管损伤应慎重选择手术入路,颈部血管、食管和气管损伤应视具体情况给予确定性处理。
Neck trauma is involved in regions including cervical blood vessels, nerves,larynx and trachea, pharynx and esophagus, thoracic duct and soft tissue. Dividing neck regions into three regions based on the anatomy of the neck has guiding significance in judging the organ damage. Neck trauma patients should firstly receive sys- temic evaluation of airway, breathing and circulation, etc. Emergent operation should be conducted for patients with expansive hematoma or active bleeding. Radiological evaluations including X-ray, CT, angiography and esophageal imaging in cervical spine and chest need to be conducted for patients with stable hemodynamics. If necessary, throat esophagoscopy, bronchoseopy, esophageal angiography also need to be performed. The primary concern for any pene- trating neck injury patients is airway control. Surgical approach should be chosen carefully in cervical vascular inju- ry patients, definitive treatment should be given depending on the specific circumstances for patients with neck ves- sels, esophagus and trachea injuries.
出处
《创伤外科杂志》
2013年第6期572-574,共3页
Journal of Traumatic Surgery
基金
国家科技支撑计划"创伤救治新技术研究及集成示范"(2012BAI11B01)
全军后勤科研计划重点项目"创伤后脓毒症的预警诊断及早期综合干预策略的应用研究"(BWS11J038)
全军十二五项目"军队车辆交通安全与伤害防治研究"(BWS12J033)
关键词
部创伤
救治
neck trauma
treatment
