摘要
目的了解上海铁路局铁路沿线站区生活饮用水卫生状况，保障职工饮水安全卫生。方法2012年5～8月采取整群分层抽样法抽取南京、徐州、芜湖三地铁路沿线站区分散式生活饮用水水井，调查其卫生状况。结果所抽查水源83处中，水井水质卫生达标率为69．88％，三地水井卫生达标率间比较有差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其中徐州为81．40％，南京为60．71％，芜湖为50．00％；三地水质共检测83份水样1494项次，项次合格率为84．87％，其中余氯合格率为0．00％，浊度合格率为61．45％，大肠菌群合格率为62．65％，锰合格率为85．54％，氟化物合格率为86．75％，其余项目合格率均100．00％；南京、徐州、芜湖三地水井卫生指标项次合格率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），各为80．16％、87．86％、85．19％；南京、徐州、芜湖三地分散式水卫生指标18项中细菌总数和大肠菌群检测合格率各为89．29％、100．00％、66．67％和56．00％、74．42％、25．00％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或0．05）；氟化物检测合格率各为84．00％、88．37％、91．67％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；浊度合格率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），各为44．00％、79．07％、58．33％；肉眼可见物合格率间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），各为80．00％、90．70％、58．33％；总硬度合格率间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），各为100．00％、74．42％、100．00％；余项检测合格率比较间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；所抽查的水井使用均无相应卫生管理制度，无专兼职人管理。结论铁路沿线（中）小站区生活饮用水卫生状况不容乐观，应引起相关部门高度重视，加强铁路沿线站区分散式生活饮用水卫生管理，保障铁路沿线职工生活饮用水安全卫生，保证职：【身体健康。
Objective To learn the hygienic status of the drinking water of stations along the railway of Shanghai Railway Bureau,so as to ensure safety and hygiene of drinking water for employees. Methods During May-August, 2012, water from distributed drinking water wells of the stations along Nanjing, Xuzhou, and Wuhu Railways was selectively examined by using a stratified cluster sampling method,hygienic conditions thereof were investigated. Results A- mong the 83 examined water sources, the well water quality hygiene qualified rate was 69.88 % ; the well water quality hy- giene qualified rate of three places was significantly different from each other （P 〈0.05）： Xuzhou 81.40%, Nanjing 60.71% ,Wuhu 50.00% ;83 samples and 1 494 items were detected totally in water quality detection of three places,the item qualified rate was 84.87 %, ：he residual chlorine qualified rate was 0.00%, the turbidity qualified rate was 61.45%; the fecal coliform qualified rate was 62.65% ; the manganese qualified rate was 85.54% ; the fluoride qualified rate was 86.75 %, and qualified rates of remaining items were all 100 % ;differences in item qualified rates of well hygiene indicators at three places have statistical meanings （ P 〈0.05）, and the item qualified rates were respectively 80.16 %, 87.86 % and 85.19 % ;total bacteria count and fecal coliform detection qualified rates in 18 distributed water hygiene indicators at Nanjing, Xuzhou, and Wuhu were respectively 89. 29%,100. 00%66.67% and 56.00%, 74.42%,25.00%, and the differences all had statistical significances （ P d0.01 or 0.05） ; fluoride detection qualified rates were respectively 84.00%, 88.87% ,and 91.67% ,and the differences had no statistical significances （ P 〉0.05） ; the turbidity qualified rates were different （ P 〈0.05） ,respectively 44.00% ,79. 07% ,and 58.33% ;differences among materials that can be seen by naked eyes all had statistical significances （ P 〈0.05）, respectively 80.00 %, 90.70 %, and 58.33 % ;the total hardness qualified rates were relatively different from each other （ P 〈0.01）, respectively 100.00% ,74.42% ,and 100.00% ;remaining i tern detection qualified rates had no significant differences （ P 〉0.05） ;there was no corresponding hygiene management rules for use of the examined wells,and the wells were not managed by dedicated part-timers. Conclusion The hygienic status of drinking water of （mecium） small stations along the railway is not far from optimistic,and should draw high at- tention by related departments. Management on hygiene of decentralized drinking water of stations along the railway should be enhanced. Safety and hygiene of drinking water of employees along the railway and health of employees should be ensured.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2013年第10期741-743,746,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
铁路沿线
分散式生活饮用水
卫生状况
调查
Along the railway
Decentralized drinking water
Hygienic status
Survey
