摘要
伊朗伊斯兰革命后,政治伊斯兰崛起并与美国发生冲突。在西方学术界和政策研究界的影响下,美国对政治伊斯兰持负面态度,一方面致力于遏制政治伊斯兰激进派,打击伊斯兰激进主义;另一方面,美国虽与政治伊斯兰温和派保持有限接触,但仍设法阻止其通过选举上台。海湾战争后,激进政治伊斯兰将美国视为敌手,以恐怖主义手段对抗美国。文化自卫和对美国支持以色列、中东威权政权是政治伊斯兰反美主义的根源。阿拉伯剧变后,政治伊斯兰在多个阿拉伯国家上台,并未采取激进的反美政策,美国也以实用主义政策对待政治伊斯兰的此番起落,说明美国与政治伊斯兰冲突的实质是利益和权力之争,并非"文明的冲突"。
Since the Islamic Revolution in Iran,political Islam has witnessed a historic rise and clashed with the U.S.Influenced by the Western academia and policy studies circles,the U.S.held a negative attitude toward political Islam.On the one hand,the U.S.attempted to contain radical political Islam and combat Islamic terrorism.On the other hand,the U.S.took a limited engagement policy toward moderate political Islam,but still tried to prevent it from gaining power through elections.After the Gulf War,radical political Islam regarded the U.S.as an enemy and confronted the U.S.through terrorist means.Cultural self-defense and the U.S.support for Israel and the Middle Eastern authoritarian regimes constituted the sources of anti-Americanism by political Islam.After the Arab Spring,political Islam came to power in several Arabic countries and did not adopt a radical anti-American policy,while the U.S.took a pragmatic approach towards the ups and downs of political Islam in the aftermath of the Arab upheaval,indicating that the conflicts between the U.S and political Islam was a struggle for power and interests instead of a 'clash of civilizations.'
出处
《国际政治研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第3期69-85,8,共17页
The Journal of International Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目“美国与政治伊斯兰关系研究”(10CGJ009)
对外经济贸易大学杰出青年学者培育计划资助项目“中东剧变后政治伊斯兰崛起及其影响研究”(2012JQ06)的阶段性成果
