摘要
目的:研究我国药物滥用监测工作的现状和薄弱环节,完善监测工作机制,为建设成有组织、合理布局的监测体系提供依据。方法:对公安机关吸毒人员动态管控库的数据和历年药物滥用监测的数据进行比较,对省级药物滥用监测中心发放问卷进行面上调查。结果:(1)近年来药物滥用监测的数据量是公安机关吸毒人员动态管控数据库数据量的8.0%到17.7%,药物滥用监测数据中每年以海洛因为代表的阿片类滥用的比例大于公安机关吸毒人员动态管控数据库中阿片类滥用的比例(如2011年相差15.0%),新型合成毒品滥用的比例小于公安机关吸毒人员动态管控库的比例(如2011年相差13.0%)。(2)药物滥用监测报表单位的覆盖范围差异比较大,其中公安和司法部门的强制隔离戒毒所的覆盖程度较好,分别为96.3%和92.5%;社区戒毒和拘留所的覆盖程度最小,分别为0和2.7%。(3)部分省市的药物滥用监测中心组织不够完善,日常的填表工作不够规范。例如,各省份监测中心的每月收集的报表量有较大差异,在某些月份出现一定的集中报告的情况。结论:监测工作在拘留所等报表单位上是薄弱环节,因而难以覆盖新型毒品滥用人群,导致监测的数据与公安机关的数据有一定的差距。并且监测系统存在政策、制度、经费和人力方面的不足。在今后的监测工作中重点加强公安机关拘留所的监测点的建设,以增加新型合成毒品滥用人员的报表数量;争取法律和政策的支持,加大经费的投入,增加鼓励机制。加强人员队伍建设,增加编制,定期对监测基层工作人员进行培训。
Objective：To research on the status of the National Drug Abuse Surveillance System and discover the weak link of the surveillance system, in order to improve and optimize the working mechanism, provide evidence theoretical basis for the following attempt on construction of an organized and reasonably arranged drug abuse surveillance system. Method：The data of Drug Abuse Surveillance Center in recent years with those of Drug Users Dynamic Control Database of Public Security Organization were compared. Questionnaires were distributed Surveillance Center for a general investigation. to the working personnel of Provincial Drug Abuse Results： （1） The amount of data of Drug Abuse Surveillance is 8.8 - 17.7% of that of Dynamic Control Database of Public Security Organization. The proportion of abusing opiates characterized by heroin among drug users in the data of Drug Abuse Surveillance is larger than that in the data of Dynamic Control Database of Public Security Organization. For example, the gap is 15.0% in 2011. The proportion of abusing newype drug characterized by amphetamines among drug users in the data of Dynamic Control Database of Public Security the Drug Abuse Surveillance Organization. For example, Center is larger than that of the gap is 13.0% in 2011.（2） The coverage rate Department is 96.3% of compulsory isolation detoxification institutions established by Public Security and those established by Judicial Department is 92. 5 %, and the coverage rate is 0 for community -based drug detoxification and 2.7% for detention house. （3） The surveillance centres in some provinces （municipalities, autonomous regions） have deficiencies in setups and organization, and the procedure of filling the registry form does not meet the requirements. For example, the amount of collected registry forms is especially high in some months as a result of delay We suggest that the reporting units of detention house should be enhanced in the future so as to increase the amount of reporting forms of new - type drug users. The National Drug Abuse Surveillance System should strive for policy and legal support, and then increase the funding and fortify the encouragement mechanism. The peasonnel in provincial and basic levels should be enhanced both in quantity and quality, and training is strongly recommended. regular
出处
《中国药物依赖性杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第5期386-393,共8页
Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence
基金
国家食品药品监督管理局全国药物滥用监测抽样方案项目
关键词
药物滥用
监测
抽样方案
drug abuse
surveillance
sampling methods
