摘要
为了探讨金矿开采造成的重金属元素在河流-沉积物系统中的富集规律,以秦岭山区小峪河金矿区为研究区域,采用现场采样与室内测试方法,分析地表水、沉积物中重金属含量及其赋存形态,探索各类重金属元素的污染迁移转化特征,并进行了污染综合评价。结果表明:地表水中重金属元素质量浓度之间显著相关且自上游到下游呈累积现象,中下游地表水重金属污染严重,其中下游Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr分别超标1.143倍、4.46倍、3.3倍、6.83倍,已不适合作为农田灌溉用水;沟道沉积物重金属污染程度从高到低依次为下游、中游、上游,且下游污染严重,沟道地表沉积物主要重金属污染物为Pb、Cd;利用Tessier连续提取法对沉积物重金属形态进行分析并结合生物有效性得出各种重金属的迁移顺序为Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr。
The paper is aimed to find out the heavy metal accumula- tion contamination regularity of river-sediment system caused by gold mining activities. For the research purpose, we would like to take Xiaoyu Gully gold mining area in Qinling Mountain as a study case. For our research goal, we have collected surface water samples and sediment samples from the gold-mine field, as well as resort to labe- ratory testing and analysis of the content and speciation of heavy met- als in the samples. From the analysis of the samples, we have found the pollution transfer transformation characteristics of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr. At the same time, we have gained the data to evaluate the effect of the heavy metal pollution on gold mining site. The results of the investigation reveal that the content of heavy metals in the sur- face water is significantly correlated with each other. The surface wa- ter is badly polluted, which can be found from the upstream to the downstream. The testing results show that the downstream surface wa- ter is polluted so serious that its content of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr ex- ceeded the standard ratio by 1.143, 4.46, 3.3, and 6.83, which has been made improper for irrigation. In order to gain the exact data of the heavy metal sediment pollution, we have tested the water by using geo-accumulation pollution index and potential economical risk index for the evaluation. The results of our experimental testing and measurement show that the pollution rate is in the order of downstream 〉 middle 〉 upstream, with the downstream more serious polluted, in which the main heavy metal pollutants in the sediment are Pb and Cd. In order to gain more profound insight of the detrimental influ- ence of different heavy metal contents on the environment, we have resorted to the Tessler sequential method for our analysis. The results of experimental analysis help us to work out the biological activity co- efficient in different heavy metals, which reveal the heavy metal mi- gration follows the order below ： Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Ca 〉 Zn 〉 Cr.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期112-117,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
陕西省自然科学基金项目(SJ08-ZT08-3)
西安科技大学博士研究基金项目(B2009-18)
关键词
环境工程学
小峪河金矿区
重金属
Tessier连续萃取法
形态分析
environmental engineering
Xiaoyu Gully gold miningarea
heavy metals
Tessier sequential method
config-uration analysis
