摘要
制定自治条例和单行条例 (自治法规 )是民族区域自治地方自治机关的一项自治权。自治法规的效力等级高于一般地方性法规而具有法律性质 ,但其适用范围仅限于本民族区域自治地方。上级国家机关要尊重和保障民族区域自治地方自治机关的自治权 ,但自治法规不能规定和约束上级国家机关。制定机关和批准机关对于自治法规都享有“半个立法权”的说法 ,实际上是把报请批准自治法规视同提请审议自治法规案 ,把自治机关享有的自治法规制定权视同拟定权。自治州、自治县的自治法规报请省级人大常委会批准后生效的规定 ,是一项宪法原则 ,这是我国民族区域自治地方立法体制的一大特点。在自治法规的效力等级和适用范围问题上的分歧 ,源于如何正确认识民族区域自治制度。
The establishment of regulations on the exercise of autonomy and the specific regulations therein embodies the autonomous power of the autonomous governmental organs in ethnic regions. The validity of autonomous regulations stands above the local regulations, but the regulations are limited to the local areas. Government organs at higher levels should respect and guarantee the autonomous power of the local ethnic autonomous organs, but the latter cannot restrict and check the former. The false idea that both the regulation enactment organ and the regulation ratification organ enjoy “half legislative power” comes from the mistaken notion equating the application for ratification of autonomous regulations with the consideration of autonomous regulations, and equating the enactment power of autonomous regulations with the drawing-up power. As is known, it is a legislative rule that the autonomous regulations of the autonomous counties or prefectures must be presented to the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress at the Provincial level for ratification. This is a typical Chinese characteristic in the regional legal system of ethnic autonomy. Disagreements on the level of validity and application come from the different understanding of autonomous system of ethnic regions.
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2000年第6期107-111,共5页
Thinking
关键词
自治条例
单行条例
法律地位
民族区域自治
立法
autonomous regulations
the specific regulations
the autonomy of ethnic regions
legislature
