摘要
通过组合不同坡度(10°,15°,20°,25°)、不同坡长(5,10m)、不同降雨强度(1.5,2mm/min)的室内纯净水模拟降雨试验,对坡面细沟侵蚀发生过程进行阶段划分,并探索分析各阶段影响因素及其效应。试验结果显示,细沟侵蚀可以分为面蚀、细沟雏形、细沟发育和细沟调整4个阶段;面蚀阶段的坡面平均含沙量随着坡度的增大呈增大的趋势,降雨强度在此阶段对坡面侵蚀速率影响较坡度影响明显;细沟发育阶段坡面侵蚀产沙比例占总侵蚀比例最大,坡面总侵蚀量与细沟发育阶段最大15min侵蚀量之间呈线性关系。
Simulated rainfall experiment under different rainfall intensity,slope gradient and slope length,rill erosion process was conducted to divide the evolution stage and the influencing factors and its effect were studied.The experimental results indicated that:The rill evolution processes were divided into four states,surface erosion,prototype of the rill,evolution of the rill and adjustment of the rill.The average sediment concentration would be bigger with the increase of slope gradient in the surface erosion stage.Compared with slope gradient,rainfall intensity had significant positive effects on the erosion rate.The proportion of sediment yield accounting for total erosion was maximum in the evolution stage of rill.There was a linear relationship between total erosion and the biggest erosion for 15minutes in the evolution stage of rill.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期53-57,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“坡面水蚀动力与细沟发育形态的相互作用机制及其影响因素”(41271304)
“黄土坡面细沟侵蚀发育过程影响因素研究”项目(K318009902-1315)
“东北典型黑土区坡耕地水土保持措施对地表径流及其侵蚀的调控和机理研究”项目(41001165)
关键词
细沟侵蚀
发育阶段
含沙量
侵蚀速率
rill erosion
evolution stages
sediment concentration
erosion rate
