摘要
黄粉虫、蝇蛆和大麦虫是市场上最常见的饲用昆虫。本试验采用或借鉴饲料营养成分测定的国家标准方法,测定了3种昆虫的常规营养成分、矿物元素、氨基酸和中长链脂肪酸的含量。结果表明,黄粉虫、蝇蛆和大麦虫的粗蛋白含量(%)依次为50.20、45.62和45.08,粗脂肪含量(%)依次为28.96、30.10和41.71,总能含量(KJ/g)依次为26.16、25.95和28.66;蝇蛆中钙、磷、铁和锰的含量(mg/100 g)最高,依次为500.0、885.7、1.17和3.06,黄粉虫中铜和锌的含量(mg/100 g)最高,分别为1.49和10.51;黄粉虫中支链氨基酸、直链氨基酸、必需氨基酸和总氨基酸的含量(%)均最高,依次为8.51、5.71、16.76和39.88,蝇蛆中苯丙氨酸、谷氨酸和赖氨酸的含量(%)较高,依次为2.71、6.29和3.19;黄粉虫中C14:0和顺C18:2的相对含量较高,分别为6.15%和33.17%,蝇蛆中C16:0和C16:1的相对含量较高,分别为39.62%和4.08%,大麦虫中C18:0和顺C18:1的相对含量较高,依次为23.33%和43.54%。上述结果表明,三种昆虫均具有较高的营养价值,可用于养殖业中蛋白质饲料原料的开发。
Yellow mealworm, house fly larvase and barley pest are the most commonly used feeding insects in commercial market. This study were conducted to determine the contents of routine nutrients, mineral elements, amino acids （AA） and midium- and long-chain fatty acids of these three insects using or referring the national standard methods. The results showed that the crude protein contents （ % ） in the yelbw mealworm, house fly larvase and barley pest were 50.20, 45.62 and 45.08, crude fat contents （ % ） were 28.96,30.10 and 41.71, and total energy contents （KJ/g） were 26. 16,25.95 and 28.66, respectively. The contents （ mg/100 g） of calcium, phosphorus, ferrum and manganese in house fly larvase were the highest, as much as 500.0,885.7,1.17 and 3.06, respectively. The contents of copper and zinc in the yellow mealworm were the highest, as much as 1.49 and 10.51, respectively. The contents （%） of branched-chain AA, straight-chain AA, essential AA and total AA in the yellow mealworm were the highest, as much as 8.51,5.71,16.76 and 39.88, respectively, while of phenylalanine （2.71 ）, glutamate （ 6.29 ） and lysine （3.19） were found to have the highest in house fly larvase. The relative contents （%） of C14：0 （6. I5） and C18：2 （33.17） in the yellow mealworm, and C16：0 （39.62） and C16：1 （4.08） in the house fly larvase were the highest,while the C18：0 （23.33） and C18： 1 （43.54） were the highest in the barley pest. The results indicated that these three insects have high nutritional val- ues, and can be developed as raw materials of protein forage in animal production.
出处
《天然产物研究与开发》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第9期1229-1233,共5页
Natural Product Research and Development
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EWB-10,KZCX2-EW-412)
广东省中国科学院全面战略合作重点项目(2012B090400020)
关键词
黄粉虫
蝇蛆
大麦虫
营养成分
yellow mealworm
house fly larvase
barley pest
nutrients
