摘要
采用野外调查与室内试验相结合的方法，通过样品分析、崩解试验及模拟冲刷试验，研究了贵州典型喀斯特地区4种碳酸盐岩发育形成坡耕地土壤的侵蚀特征。结果表明：不同碳酸盐岩对土壤冲刷模数与可蚀性K值产生极显著的影响，而对土壤紧实度及崩解速率影响不显著；4种碳酸盐岩发育坡耕地土壤的可蚀性K值表现为泥灰岩（0．304）〉泥质白云岩（0．299）〉纯灰岩（0．283）〉纯白云岩（0．272），而冲刷模数的变化规律与之相反。碳酸盐岩发育土壤具有较高的黏聚力，土壤抗冲抗蚀性较强，土壤可蚀性低，可蚀性K值在0．25～0．30之间。碳酸盐岩地区土层较浅薄，平均厚度仅35cm左右，其土壤侵蚀特征总体上表现为低流失、高危险，应引起足够的重视。在喀斯特地区开展水土流失治理、编制水土保持规划时应充分考虑岩性差异的影响。
The paper studied the erosion characteristics of cultivated slope land derived from four kinds of carbonatites in the typical karst area of Guizhou through using the combination method of field survey and indoor tests and sample analysis,soil slaking test and simulation scouring test. The outcomes show that a) different carbonate has a significantly difference on soil scoring modulus and erodibility factor K,while the effect on the soil compaction and slaking rate is not significant and; b) the erodibility factor K of cultivated slope land soil developed from four kinds of carbonate is argillaceous limestone( 0.304) > argillaceous dolomite( 0.299) > pure limestone( 0.283) > pure dolomite( 0.272),and the change rule of scoring modulus is on the contrary. The soil developed from carbonate not only has high cohesive force,but also strong anti-scourability and anti-erodibility. The soil erodibility is low with the erodibility factor K focus on between 0.25 and 0.30. Due to the relatively shallow soil layer,the average thickness is only about 35 cm,the characteristics of soil erosion on the whole is low loss but high risk,which should pay more attention to. The influence of lithological differences should be fully considered both in soil and water loss control and soil and water conservation planning of the karst area.
出处
《中国水土保持》
2013年第9期42-45,77,共4页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
基金
草海流域受损生态系统治理技术与示范项目(2011BAC02B0203-03)
关键词
喀斯特地区
坡耕地
土壤侵蚀
抗冲抗蚀性
K值
贵州
karst area
cultivated slope land
soil erosion
anti-scourability and anti-erodibility
K factor
Guizhou
