摘要
目的通过对2010—2012年北京市怀柔区手足口病病原学监测分析,了解该地区手足口病的流行趋势,为手足口病的防治提供科学依据。方法采集2010—2012年4—11月怀柔区手足口病患儿的咽拭子标本,进行肠道病毒核酸检测。并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 634例报告病例中,核酸阳性550例,总阳性率为86.75%;其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)阳性检出率分别为36.75%、40.38%。发病主要集中在1~5岁儿童,以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,占90.85%。2012年手足口病发病人数显著增多。2010年手足口病的发病高峰在4—6月,2011年为9—11月,2012年出现2个发病高峰,分别为5—7、10—11月。结论怀柔区手足口病病原体以EV71和CA16为主,3年的流行优势毒株、发病高峰略有不同,因此应做好对此病病原学的长期监测工作,以便早期发现流行毒株变化情况。
[ Objective ] To understand the prevalence of Hand, Foot, and Mouth disease （ HFMD） , and provide scientific evidence for prevention and treatment of HFMD in Huairou District via analysis of etiology of HFMD. [ Methods] The throat swab specimens of HFMD were collected from April to November during 2010-2012 in Huairou District for identification of the enterovirus by nucleic acid detection. Then Data were analyzed by chi-square test. [ Results] Of 634 cases, 550 were nucleic acid positive, and the total positive rate was 86. 75%. The positive rates of enterovirus type 71 （ EV71 ） and Coxsackievirus A16 （CA16） were 36.75% and 40.38% , respectively. The oatients were mainly children a^ed 1-5 years old. included scattered children and kindergarten children, accounting for 90.85%. The incidence of HFMD was increased significantly in 2012. The incidence peak of HFMD appeared in April-June of 2010, September-November of 2011, and two in 2012, in May-July and October-November, respectively.[ Conclusion]The main pathogens of HFMD are EV71 and CA16 in Huairou District. The Superiority strains and the incidence peak between these 3 years are slightly different. So, it is necessary to perform long-term monitoring of the etiology of HFMD so as to early detect changes of epidemic strains.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2013年第17期2209-2210,共2页
Occupation and Health
关键词
手足口病
肠道病毒
流行特征
Hand, Foot and mouth disease （HFMD）
Enterovirus
Epidemiological characteristics
