摘要
目的分析攀枝花市仁和区突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为有效预防和控制突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对仁和区2004—2012年通过网络报告的突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果该区9年共报告突发公共卫生事件14起,波及8 943人,发病549例,罹患率6.14%;死亡5例(均是农民),病死率0.91%;较大级事件4起,一般级事件7起,未分级事件3起;发生季节主要在第2、第3季度;以传染病暴发疫情(64.29%)和食物中毒(35.71%)为主;罹患率和病死率最高的是食物中毒,分别为47.06%、3.85%;事件主要发生在农村(71.43%),发病人数最多的是学生(81.42%);实验室检测确诊11起(78.57%)。传染病报告的及时性平均为8.66 d,食物中毒平均为15 d。结论加强学校呼吸道传染病、农村家庭食物中毒和人兽共患传染病管理以及充分发挥实验室检测结果的支持作用是仁和区有效预防控制突发公共卫生事件发生的主要措施。
[ Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Renhe District of Panzhihua City, provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling public health emergencies. [ Methods ] The network reporting data of public health emergencies in Renhe District of Panzhihua City from 2004-2012 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. [ Results] A total of 14 public health emergencies were reported during 2004-2012, 8 943 people were involved, and there were 549 patients, with the attack rate of 6.14%. 5 cases died, with the fatality rate of 0.91%. There were 4 events of large-lev- el, 7 events of general-level, and 3 unclassified events. The peak seasons were the second quarter and the third quarter. 64.29% of emergencies were outbreaks of infectious diseases, and 35.71% were food poisoning. The attack rate and fatality rate of food poi- soning were the highest, which was 47.06% and 3.85% respectively. Public health emergencies occurred mainly in rural area （71.43%） , and most of victims were the students （81.42%）. 11 （78.57% } emergencies were diagnosed by laboratory detec- tion. The events of infectious diseases were reported within 8.66 days averagely, while the events of food poisoning were reported within 15 day. [ Conclusion] Strengthening the management of respiratory infectious disease in schools, food poisoning and zoonotic diseases in rural families, as well as improving the supporting effect of laboratory detection are the main measures for effectively pre- venting and controlling public health emergencies in Renhe District.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2013年第16期2030-2032,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
突发公共卫生事件
流行病学
分析
预防控制
Public health emergencies
Epidemiology
Analysis
Prevention and control
