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早期微量喂养对气管插管机械通气下新生儿免疫功能的影响 被引量:8

Effects of early minimal enteral nutrition on the immune system in newborn infants under mechanical ventilation with intratracheal intubation
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摘要 目的研究早期微量喂养对气管插管机械通气治疗中的新生儿免疫功能的影响。方法将81例气管插管机械通气治疗中的新生儿分为早期微量喂养组(40例)和常规喂养组(41例)。检测两组患儿外周血T细胞亚群(CD3、CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8)及免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)水平,观察继发感染、达全胃肠道喂养时间及并发症等情况。结果气管插管机械通气时间〈5d的患儿两组CD3、CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8及免疫球蛋白水平(IgG、IgA、IgM)相比差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),而气管插管机械通气时间≥5d的患儿中,早期微量喂养组治疗前后的CD3[(37.3±1.6)%,(42.6±2.8)%]、CD4[(29.1±1.7)%,(34.6±2.1)%]、CD4/CD8(17.9±1.8,18.9±1.6)、IgA[(55.42±3.98)mg/L,(129.00±7.76)mg/L]、IgM[(130.29±10.92)mg/L,(317.33±11.64)mg/L]变化明显高于常规喂养组CD3[(38.5±1.9)%,(39.9±1.4)%]、CD4[(30.0±1.7)%,(31.6±1.8)%]、CD4/CD8(1.63±0.09,1.61±0.13)、IgA[(55.30±5.14)mg/L,(114.05±9.69)mg/L]、IgM[(137.70±11.93)mg/L,(304.95±7.78)mg/L](P〈0.05)。早期微量喂养组继发感染率、达全胃肠道喂养时间、静脉营养时间和住院时间[20%(8/40)、(8.56±1.78)d、(10.56±1.78)d、(12.63±1.73)d]明显低于常规喂养组[48.78%(20/41)、(10.20±1.65)d、(12.15±1.69)d、(14.15±1.64)d],差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。早期微量喂养组腹胀、胃潴留发生率[20%(8/40)、17.5%(7/40)]和常规喂养组[24.39%(10/41)、19.51%(8/41)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论长时间气管插管机械通气下早期微量喂养可以改善和促进新生儿免疫功能的恢复,降低新生儿继发感染率,缩短达全胃肠道喂养、静脉营养和住院时间。 Objective To study the effect of minimal enteral nutrition on the immune system of newborn infants under mechanical ventilation ( MV ) with intratracheal intubation. Methods Eighty-one pa- tients under MV with intratracheal intubation were divided into two groups:treatment group and control group. Forty patients in treatmet group accepted early minimal enteral nutrition, while other 41 patients in con-trol group accepted normal feeding, then T-lymphocytes ( CD3, CD4, CD8 ), CD4/CD8, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), occurane of secondary infection, time of beginning fully enteral feeding, occurance of ab-dominal distension were recorded. Results There were no significant differences of T-lymphocytes ( CD3, CD4 ,CD8 ), CD4/CD8, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM ) changes between the two groups in which the time of patients beginning MV under intratracheal intubation was less than five days( P 〉 0.05 ) ;while com-paring patients in the two groups whose MV time was equal or greater than five days,the changes of T-lym-phocytes CD3E (37. 3 ±1.6)% ,(42. 6 _±2. 8)% ] ,CD4E (29. 1 ± 1.7)%, (34.6 ±2. 1 )% ], CD4/CD8 ( 17.9 ± 1.8,18. 9 ± 1.6), immunoglobulins IgA [ (55.42 ± 3.98 ) mg/L, ( 129. 00 ± 7.76) mg/L ], IgM [ ( 130. 29 ± 10.92) mg/L, (317. 33 ± 11.64) mg/L] in treatment group were more significant than those in control group ( P 〈 0. 05 ) ; furthermore the differences of the secondary infection occurance, the time beginning fully enteral feeding,intravenous nutrition and hospital stays in the treatment group [20% (8/40), (8.56 ± 1.78) d, ( 10. 56 ± 1.78) d, ( 12. 63 ± 1.73 ) d ] were lower significantly than those in the control group 148. 78% (20/41), ( 10. 20 ± 1.65 ) d, ( 12. 15 ± 1.69) d, ( 14. 15 ± 1.64) d ] ( P 〈 0. 05 ). These were no significant differences on abdominal distension and gastric retention between the treatment group [ 20% ( 8/40 ), 17. 5% ( 7/40 ) ] and the control group 124. 39 % ( 10/41 ), 19. 51% ( 8/41 ) 1 ( P 〉 O. 05 ). Conclusion Early minimal enteral nutrition in infants under long time MV with intratracheal intubation could improve immune function recover-y,reduce the occurance rate of secondary infection, shorten the time beginning fully enteral feeding, intrave-nous nutrition and hospital stay.
出处 《中国小儿急救医学》 CAS 2013年第4期383-386,共4页 Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
关键词 气管插管 机械通气 早期微量喂养 免疫功能 新生儿 Intratracheal intubation Mechanical ventilation Early minimal nutrition Immune func-tion Newborn infant
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