摘要
过剩通勤是评价城市通勤效率与职住空间关系的重要研究方法,自上世纪80年代提出以来,引发了大量关于城市通勤效率和城市交通与土地利用关系的实证研究。近年来,中国城市快速空间重构背景下的职住分离和交通拥堵问题也引起了学者们的关注,但是,过剩通勤研究在我国还处于起步阶段。文章首先回顾了过剩通勤概念的提出和基本假设,总结了过剩通勤研究的方法论进展,重点归纳了过剩通勤的形成机制以及在相关政策上的应用。在此基础上,文章最后提出了过剩通勤理论对转型期中国城市通勤效率变化及其影响机制研究的启示与借鉴。
Excess commuting is the additional journey-to-work travel represented by the difference between the actual observed average commute and the theoretical minimum av- erage commute, given the spatial configuration of workplace and residential sites. Re- search on excess commuting has been carried out over the last 30 years since the semi- nal contribution of Hamilton. Since its proposal in the 1980s, excess commuting has stimulated a great volume of empirical studies on measuring and evaluating the urban commuting efficiency in western cities and has been considered as a strategic useful tool for addressing transport and planning policies with respect to the jobs- housing balance, environmental and other social issues. Similar phenomena of home-work separation and traffic congestion in Chinese cities have also attracted increasing attention from scholars, but the study of excess commuting is still at an initial stage in China. This article pre- sents a review of the excess commuting study in western countries, starting with an overview of the formation and development of the concept of excess commuting. The au- thor also overviewed the methodological issuess concerning excess commuting. Then the paper discusses its application on addressing transport and planning policies with respect to the jobs- housing balance, environmental and other social issues. In the end, some en- lightenments are given to the research of urban commuting efficiency in China.
出处
《世界地理研究》
CSSCI
2012年第4期31-38,共8页
World Regional Studies
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41171143)
关键词
过剩通勤
通勤效率
职住平衡
研究进展
excess commuting
commuting efficiency
jobs-housing balance
review
