摘要
远程教育在许多方面已经取得巨大成功,然而,很多远程教育机构的毕业率不足传统教育机构的四分之一,因此,本文认为有证据表明远程教育存在"缺陷"。文章分析了出现这种"缺陷"的一些原因及其对学生、远程教育机构和社会可能带来的损害。出现"缺陷"的原因之一是"范畴错误",即混淆了教与学,远程教育机构过度关注(尤其是在线的)教学资源的提供,忽视对学生学习动力的激发。文章认为越来越多的证据表明远程教育机构必须积极主动采取措施降低辍学率,而且这些措施应该是对学生有激励作用的。远程教育机构主动向学生提供学习动力支持,这从经济上讲是可行的,如果精心设计,也能增加机构的收入。文章最后审视了远程教育的一些新发展,包括大规模在线公开课程、学习分析和智能手机的使用,在此基础上,试探性地提出这种观点:提高远程教育学生成功率的主要障碍不在于资源或组织,而在于机构对留住学生的态度。
Whilst accepting that distance education has been a huge success in many ways,this paper suggests that there is evidence that there is a‘distance education deficit’with many distance institutions having less than a quarter of the graduation rates of conventional institutions.The paper surveys some of the reasons why such a deficit should occur and asks what damage it might do to students,institutions and society.It suggests that one reason for the deficit is the‘category error’of confusing teaching with learning and that institutions have focused too much on the provision of teaching materials,especially online,and too little on motivating students to learn.It maintains that there is accumulating evidence for the essentiality of proactive contact for overcoming dropout and the importance of making that contact motivational.It shows that such an approach is financially viable and can make a surplus for the institution if carefully designed.Finally whilst briefly surveying some of the new developments in distance education in the form of MOOCS,learning analytics,and the use of smartphones,it suggests more speculatively that rather than resources or organization,the main barriers to increasing student success in distance education are institutional attitudes to student retention.
出处
《中国远程教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第13期5-11,共7页
Chinese Journal of Distance Education
关键词
远程教育
留住学生
毕业率
动力支持
成本效益
机构态度
Distance education
Retention
graduation rates
motivational support
cost-benefits of support
institutional attitudes
