摘要
为更准确地描述行人疏散动力学特征,利用目前行人疏散模型对行人疏散进行模拟研究发现:疏散空间行人拥堵时,会出现疏散区域某些位置的行人一直处于竞争劣势而保持位置不动的现象,这与行人实际疏散运动不符。考虑到现实情况,行人在等待的过程中会积极寻找机会,实现成功疏散;基于此,在疏散模型中引入了心理迫切因素的概念,表征了行人等待过程中竞争能力的变化,完善了行人疏散模型。对新模型模拟研究发现,在考虑等待时的心理迫切因素后,该模型能够更好地表达行人疏散的动力学特征,可更为准确地再现行人的疏散运动轨迹和路径,同时研究发现,引入等待迫切因素后并不会影响总的疏散时间。
In order to describe the dynamics characters on pedestrian evacuation,the simulation of pedestrian evacuation flow was carried out on the basis of the present evacuation model.It was found that when there are more pedestrian in the evacuation space,the congestion appeares in the exit,and some pedestrians always keep the same position because of weak competitiveness,which is out of accord with the actual evacuation situation.Considering the real situation,the pedestrian will actively find opportunities in the process of waiting,and with the extension of waiting time movement urgency in psychology could sharply increase.Based on these situation,the psychological urgent factor was introduced and the psychological urgent parameter was defined,which made up for the defects of the original model.The simulation showed that in the proposed model the pedestrian dynamic characteristics can be described well,the urgent-movement psychology is also fully considered.Meanwhile,the simulation showed that the psychological urgent parameter has no effect on the evacuation time.
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第6期79-84,共6页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
基金
北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目(CIT&TCD20130320)
关键词
消防安全
元胞自动机
行人疏散
心理迫切因子
fire safety
cellular automata
pedestrian evacuation
psychological urgent parameter
