摘要
清朝咸丰、同治年间,山东巨野、郓城移民进入苏北沛铜地区因自然灾害形成的"湖田"荒地,他们的占地行为很快得到基层官府的承认。在官府的支持鼓励和士绅的具体运作下,他们还形成了自我组织、自我保卫的社会力量。当地原住民回归后,移民与原住民的冲突不断升级,基层官府对此一筹莫展。湖田案最终在钦差大臣曾国藩带有诸多妥协性的干预下才趋于终止。它的产生、发展和平息体现传统社会基层政治生活的两个方面:基层官府和乡村社会能够在日常事务中合作共生,重大危机的解决则有赖于高层政治权力的介入。
During the reigns of Emperors Xianfeng and Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty,a certain number of immigrants from Juye and Yuncheng of Shandong Province moved into Pei-tong areas in the northern part of Jiangsu Province.They reclaimed and cultivated a tract of lakeside wasteland abandoned by people who moved to other places when the land was submerged.They built a new society over this land and even formed paramilitary for self-defense purpose.This claim of wasteland by external immigrants was welcomed and encouraged by the local government.However,conflicts ensued when the former owners of these lands returned from vagabonding.With the escalation of crisis,the local government was in danger of losing control of the situation.This case was brought to and ended only under the intervention of the Imperial Commissioner,Zeng Guofan.This case shows two conspicuous characteristics of the grassroots political life in traditional China：it was quite common for the local government to enter certain kind of cooperation with the rural society,but the solution for great crisis could only come through the intervention from the top of the government.
出处
《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2013年第4期114-118,共5页
Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(RW2011-17)
关键词
湖田
移民
乡村社会
国家权力
曾国藩
shoalyland
immigrants
rural society
state power
Zeng Guofan
