摘要
目的了解临床分离病原菌的分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法回顾性分析2010年5月至2012年4月临床分离的3598株病原菌及药敏结果。结果 3598株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌2895株(80.5%),其中大肠埃希菌784株(21.9%)、铜绿假单胞菌703株(19.6%)、肺炎克雷伯菌462株(12.8%)、鲍曼不动杆菌399株(11.1%),大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检出率分别为55.5%、31.0%,两者对亚胺培南、美罗培南的敏感率均为100%,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、阿米卡星的敏感率较高,大肠埃希菌为99.23%、91.96%,肺炎克雷伯菌为98.92%、92.21%;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、阿米卡星、头孢吡肟的敏感率较高分别为91.75%、90.18%、89.47%;鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、米诺环素、氨苄西林/舒巴坦的敏感率较高分别为97.99%、93.48%、84.71%。革兰阳性球菌556株(15.5%),其中金黄色葡萄球菌139株(3.9%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌116株(3.2%)、粪肠球菌141株(4.0%)、屎肠球菌101株(2.8%);耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的检出率分别为21.6%和56.0%,未检出耐万古霉素葡萄球菌和耐万古霉素肠球菌。真菌147株(占4.1%)。结论了解病原菌的分布并动态监测其耐药性,可指导临床合理使用抗菌药物,并有效控制和减缓细菌耐药的产生。
Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from clinical samples and to guide reasonable clinical treatment of antibiotics. Methods 3 598 strains of bacteria with their drug sensitivity test results during May 2010 to Apr. 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Results In 3 598 strains of pathogenic bacte- ria, 2895 （80.5%） strains were gram-negative bacilli which containedd 784 （ 21.9% ） strains of Escherichia coli, 703 （ 19.6% ） strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 462 （ 12.8% ） strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 399 （ 11. 1% ） strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. The positive rate of extended-spectrum [3-1actamases from Escherichia coli and KlebsieUa pneumoniae were 55.5% and 31.0%, respectively. Both of them were 100% sensitive to imipenem and meropenem, highly sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam and amikacin. The sensitivity of Escherichia coli were 99.23% and 91.96%, and the sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae were 98.92% and 92.21%. The sensitivity ofpseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin and cefepime were 91.75%, 90. 18% and 89.47%, respectively. The sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumannii to cefoperazone/sulbactam, minocycline and ampicillin/snlbactam were 97.99%, 93.48% and 84.71%, respectively. There were 556 strains of gram-positive cocci（ 15.5% ） which contained 139 strains of Staphylococcus aureus（3.9% ）, 116 strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococci （3.2%）, 141 strains of Enterococcusfaecalis （4.0%） and 101 strains of Enterococcus faecium （2.8%）. The detection rate of MRSA andMRCNS were 21.6% and 56.0%, respectively. No strains of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus with resistance to van- comycin were detected. There were 147 （4.1% ） strains of fungi. Conclusion To understand the distribution of patho- gen bacteria and monitor its drug resistance dynamically can guide the reasonable use of antibiotics as well as control and delay the emergence of drug resistant strains.
出处
《山东大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第7期87-91,共5页
Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences
关键词
病原菌
分布
耐药性
抗菌药物
多药耐药
Pathogens
Distribution
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics
Multidrug-resistant
